The ending changes the entire plot and meaning of the film in drastic ways. The plot completely flips from Dr. Caligari being the crazy one to Francis, the narrorator, being the madmen; which contradicts they entire story. The meaning of the film is flipped to one of psychological projection, one of the theories of Sigmund Freud. Where Francis is projecting his own undesirable thoughts, desires, and feelings onto Dr.Caligari making him the madman opposed to himself. This is a form of psychological defense mechanism Francis uses to escape his current
