Muscle can be damaged whether it be from sports injuries or other accidents. When this muscle damage occurs, the body responds accordingly in order to regenerate this lost or injured muscle. There are three main steps that are necessary in order for this renewal to occur. These steps include inflammation, revascularization/satellite cell differentiation, and innervation. (Grounds, 2011) This paper will discuss the mechanisms the body uses in order to form regenerated skeletal muscle.
Muscle Damage and Injury
Before the mechanisms of repair are discussed, it is important to analyze muscle injuries and the effect they have on the muscle tissue. Many muscle injuries are caused more so by mechanical stress, such as in sports or being in a car …show more content…
These satellite cells remain dormant in an area amid the basal lamina and the plasma membrane of these muscle cells. (Husmann et. al, 1996) Activation of satellite cells can occur, as stated above, from a certain subpopulation of macrophages and by some growth factors. (Husmann et. al, 1996) So, after damage to the muscle, these stem cells become activated and begin to proliferate. Once these stem cells are finished proliferating, they begin to differentiate into myoblasts. (Yablonka-Reuveni, 2011) The myoblasts then combine with one another and start to form new skeletal muscle fibers in the place of the dead cells. (Husmann et. al, 1996) Thus, new muscle is generated where it had been damaged or injured …show more content…
This can range anywhere from sprains and strains during sports/accidents, toxins, genetic disorders and even parasites. Although this paper focused more so on the sports injuries and accidents as a causative agent of muscle damage, the mechanism is fairly the same. This paper discussed the three main mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration. First being the body responding to a muscle tear, lesion or sprain with a major inflammatory response. By recruiting macrophages to the area, cytokines can stimulate myogenesis.
Second, skeletal muscle stem cells become stimulated and proliferate, differentiate and then fuse together forming new myotubes or muscle fibers. Angiogenesis then provides a blood supply to the newly formed muscle fibers. Thirdly, any damaged nerves are repaired through growing sprouts to NMJs. These broadly discussed steps are vital to muscle repair in the human body. Without these mechanisms, muscle contraction would cease to exist especially when we sprain an ankle or tear a muscle. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a very important piece of our human physiology and is necessary for our everyday
Muscle Damage and Injury
Before the mechanisms of repair are discussed, it is important to analyze muscle injuries and the effect they have on the muscle tissue. Many muscle injuries are caused more so by mechanical stress, such as in sports or being in a car …show more content…
These satellite cells remain dormant in an area amid the basal lamina and the plasma membrane of these muscle cells. (Husmann et. al, 1996) Activation of satellite cells can occur, as stated above, from a certain subpopulation of macrophages and by some growth factors. (Husmann et. al, 1996) So, after damage to the muscle, these stem cells become activated and begin to proliferate. Once these stem cells are finished proliferating, they begin to differentiate into myoblasts. (Yablonka-Reuveni, 2011) The myoblasts then combine with one another and start to form new skeletal muscle fibers in the place of the dead cells. (Husmann et. al, 1996) Thus, new muscle is generated where it had been damaged or injured …show more content…
This can range anywhere from sprains and strains during sports/accidents, toxins, genetic disorders and even parasites. Although this paper focused more so on the sports injuries and accidents as a causative agent of muscle damage, the mechanism is fairly the same. This paper discussed the three main mechanisms of skeletal muscle regeneration. First being the body responding to a muscle tear, lesion or sprain with a major inflammatory response. By recruiting macrophages to the area, cytokines can stimulate myogenesis.
Second, skeletal muscle stem cells become stimulated and proliferate, differentiate and then fuse together forming new myotubes or muscle fibers. Angiogenesis then provides a blood supply to the newly formed muscle fibers. Thirdly, any damaged nerves are repaired through growing sprouts to NMJs. These broadly discussed steps are vital to muscle repair in the human body. Without these mechanisms, muscle contraction would cease to exist especially when we sprain an ankle or tear a muscle. Skeletal muscle regeneration is a very important piece of our human physiology and is necessary for our everyday