1. Introduction
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has infected humans for more than 58000 years (1).yet it largely escaped notice until it was cultured by Marshall and Warren(2).research on Helicobacter Pylori changed paradigms regarding disease causation. Physicians previously attributed ulcers to stress or anxiety and did not believe that bacteria could cause cancer (3). .After 1983, when it was discovered that the stomach could be colonized by bacteria (4). increasing evidence has shown that H. pylori are a pathogen closely related to a variety of gastric conditions. These range from benign stomach diseases such as chronic gastritis, duodenal peptic ulcers and gastric peptic ulcers to malignant diseases such as gastric cancer (5)and gastric …show more content…
Helicobacter Pylori is actively motile using 4- 6 unipolar, sheathed flagella(8). It resides naturally in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and nonhuman primates.There is also evidence that it can infect pigs, cats, sheep, and pups (9, 10). In the stomach, the majority of Helicobacter Pylori can be found in the gastric mucosa; however, a few are found adhered to the gastric mucosal epithelium. The bacterium is highly adapted to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach where few other organisms can survive. Although Helicobacter Pylori is considered to be an extracellular bacteria, there is 8 evidence suggesting that the bacteria has a mechanism for intracellular invasion (11).H. pylori is the best-known member of the Helicobacter genus, which includes dozens of species that primarily colonize the gastrointestinal tract of a variety of animals (12). H. pylori are a curved gram-negative bacillus with a bundle of unipolar flagella. Biochemical identification of H. pylori relies on the activities of the urease, catalase and oxidase enzymes. The bacterium is slow- growing and requires a rich medium and a microaerophilic atmosphere for in vitro culture. After starvation through prolonged culturing, a coccoid form can be found in the cultures and it has been debated whether this form represents
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) has infected humans for more than 58000 years (1).yet it largely escaped notice until it was cultured by Marshall and Warren(2).research on Helicobacter Pylori changed paradigms regarding disease causation. Physicians previously attributed ulcers to stress or anxiety and did not believe that bacteria could cause cancer (3). .After 1983, when it was discovered that the stomach could be colonized by bacteria (4). increasing evidence has shown that H. pylori are a pathogen closely related to a variety of gastric conditions. These range from benign stomach diseases such as chronic gastritis, duodenal peptic ulcers and gastric peptic ulcers to malignant diseases such as gastric cancer (5)and gastric …show more content…
Helicobacter Pylori is actively motile using 4- 6 unipolar, sheathed flagella(8). It resides naturally in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and nonhuman primates.There is also evidence that it can infect pigs, cats, sheep, and pups (9, 10). In the stomach, the majority of Helicobacter Pylori can be found in the gastric mucosa; however, a few are found adhered to the gastric mucosal epithelium. The bacterium is highly adapted to survive in the hostile environment of the stomach where few other organisms can survive. Although Helicobacter Pylori is considered to be an extracellular bacteria, there is 8 evidence suggesting that the bacteria has a mechanism for intracellular invasion (11).H. pylori is the best-known member of the Helicobacter genus, which includes dozens of species that primarily colonize the gastrointestinal tract of a variety of animals (12). H. pylori are a curved gram-negative bacillus with a bundle of unipolar flagella. Biochemical identification of H. pylori relies on the activities of the urease, catalase and oxidase enzymes. The bacterium is slow- growing and requires a rich medium and a microaerophilic atmosphere for in vitro culture. After starvation through prolonged culturing, a coccoid form can be found in the cultures and it has been debated whether this form represents