I will be discussing the redistributive justice theories that are subscribed to deontological liberalism, so they do not presuppose any particular conception of the good (Sandel, 1998). This is particularly important since it is necessary to arrive to a solution where people are the ‘end goals’ and not simply ‘means’ to a certain other end. Firstly, I will be introducing two ideas, leaded by John Rawls and Robert Nozick, following with the demonstration of these approaches with the example of the coloured man. Also I will be bringing some strong critics that this two approaches have faced. The process of redistribution in distributive justice encompasses four main variables that need to be taken into account: the subjects (individuals or groups
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There are three main principles of the contract: guarantee of basic equal liberties for the members of the society, the principle of equal opportunity and the difference principle. By the difference principle, Rawls implies that any type of redistribution should be carried out in such a way as to benefit the least advantaged members of the society. In addition all inequalities under the conditions mentioned above should be permitted, if they provide absolute advantages for the ones worst off (the main difference between the positions of egalitarians and Rawls). In order to come to these philosophical conditions as the ones best fit for the human society it is necessary to carry out a thought experiment. Following deontological motives Rawls suggests to put one self into an original position, where the contractee takes a neutral stand towards the allocation of resources among individuals with in given society (including himself). Anyone behind this ‘veil of ignorance’, when thinking about the conditions of forming the ‘ideal society’ would come to these three principles of ‘Justice as fairness’. The basic notion behind Rawls’s theory of justice is a liberal community, where people are not disadvantaged by socio-economical inequalities towards accomplishing their life …show more content…
Nozick is distinctively against any type of government intervention and he sees them as being directly against personal liberties, because they create artificial exposers of the natural consensus (meaning the conditions of laissez-fair society). Besides the importance of the laissez-fair society, entitlement is determined by three principles: justice in acquisition, justice in transfer, justice in rectification. The process of acquisition is considered ‘just’ if the object is unowned (freely available) and there is enough left for the others. By acquisition Nozick generally uses the Lockean definition of ‘mixing ones labour with’. I am the owner of my labour, therefore what ever I mix it up with (which is unowned) automatically becomes mine. A transfer is considered just if it is voluntary. To Nozick rectification is a process which takes place in case if the initial acquisition or transfer has been violated. In addition an initial
There are three main principles of the contract: guarantee of basic equal liberties for the members of the society, the principle of equal opportunity and the difference principle. By the difference principle, Rawls implies that any type of redistribution should be carried out in such a way as to benefit the least advantaged members of the society. In addition all inequalities under the conditions mentioned above should be permitted, if they provide absolute advantages for the ones worst off (the main difference between the positions of egalitarians and Rawls). In order to come to these philosophical conditions as the ones best fit for the human society it is necessary to carry out a thought experiment. Following deontological motives Rawls suggests to put one self into an original position, where the contractee takes a neutral stand towards the allocation of resources among individuals with in given society (including himself). Anyone behind this ‘veil of ignorance’, when thinking about the conditions of forming the ‘ideal society’ would come to these three principles of ‘Justice as fairness’. The basic notion behind Rawls’s theory of justice is a liberal community, where people are not disadvantaged by socio-economical inequalities towards accomplishing their life …show more content…
Nozick is distinctively against any type of government intervention and he sees them as being directly against personal liberties, because they create artificial exposers of the natural consensus (meaning the conditions of laissez-fair society). Besides the importance of the laissez-fair society, entitlement is determined by three principles: justice in acquisition, justice in transfer, justice in rectification. The process of acquisition is considered ‘just’ if the object is unowned (freely available) and there is enough left for the others. By acquisition Nozick generally uses the Lockean definition of ‘mixing ones labour with’. I am the owner of my labour, therefore what ever I mix it up with (which is unowned) automatically becomes mine. A transfer is considered just if it is voluntary. To Nozick rectification is a process which takes place in case if the initial acquisition or transfer has been violated. In addition an initial