This past Thursday we were placed into groups and asked to read Alan Lightman’s essay What Came Before the Big Bang. The Big Bang happened some fourteen billion years ago as a state of infinitesimally dense and small, superheated ball of matter, which has been expanding ever since. And as far as we know, the universe will keep expanding forever. What scientists are trying to figure out is if there was anything before the Big Bang, essentially, they are trying to figure out if time had existed before the creation of the Big Bang. Quantum cosmologist Sean Carroll has developed a theory called Two-Headed Time, by which he explains that the universe has existed forever as a series of loops. The theory explains that “the evolution of the cosmos
