In The University Of Pennsylvania Journal Of Constitutional Law, Celia Goetzl agrees: “Such policies stereotype, stigmatize, and criminalize the poor without cause” (2013, p.1541). Studies support the assertion that applicants for welfare are no more likely to have substance abuse issues than are the general public. Moreover, problems that have arisen with drug testing results due to faulty testing and results. According to Pollack, et al, “Suspicionless, population-based chemical testing of welfare recipients will detect some “true positives” who are drug-dependent, a greater number of “accidental positives” with complex psychological problems, and a larger group of “false positives” who have no apparent psychiatric (including drug-related) disorder” (2002, p. 30). In this study conducted over two a year span, “the categories of “false positives,” and “accidental positives” each outnumbered the “true positives”” (Pollack, Danziger, Jayakody, Seefeldt, 2002).…