4.0.3. Plastics - Newer plastics are strong, good impact absorber and can be easily replaced when damaged. In the manufacturer’s side, because it has a lower melting point and also great malleability in comparison with metals so it is cheaper to produce. Plastics can be easily formed into shapes as required. They can be also coloured while it is being manufactured, saving time for another process such as painting. Plastics also tend to have faster cycle times and turnover rates. It is also lighter compared to metals are fairly chemical resistant and does not rust compared to some metals.
4.0.4 Fibreglass Composites - This material combines the resilience, stiffness, flexibility and strength. The resulting material is very lightweight, fairly strong and resists bending which makes it very ideal for bumpers. It makes the bumper aerodynamically efficient while making it tough, without sacrificing deformability for shock absorbing capability. The only limiting characteristic is the cost. 4.0.5 Carbon Fibre - Carbon fibre has strength five times of steel while it has density twice less than aluminium and five times less than steel. …show more content…
It is also flexible. This material is also tough. A bumper made entirely of carbon fibre is the lightest available
5.0.0 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EACH BUMPER MATERIALS
5.0.1 Steel
ADVANTAGES
1. Can have an attractive finish and wide range of decorative finishes available
2. Steel has the highest melting point so less likely to degrade under higher temperatures so it is ideal for the outdoor environment.
3. Has the highest strength, hardness and durability in other bumper materials
4. Has a wider range of processors available for manufacturing DISADVANTAGES 1. Manufacturing of steel often requires post production process such as finishing, painting, and deburring, which adds to the production time and cost. 2. Advanced geometries or shapes cannot be done on molten metal because of its viscosity.. 3. Tooling which is needed in manufacturing usually more expensive than another tooling materials. 5.0.2 Aluminium ADVANTAGES 1. Lightweight, great for aerodynamic efficiency of the bumper 2. Does not Rust 3. High malleability good for production and shock absorbing capabilities. DISADVANTAGES 1. Relatively high Cost for the bumper 2. Becomes brittle over time and cracks if unpainted lowers the lifespan of the bumper. 3. Difficult to repair if damaged 4. Less durable than steel, easily dented/scratched 5.0.3 Plastics ADVANTAGES 1. Ease of forming because of low melting point and high malleability lowers the cost of manufacturing the bumper 2. Does not Rust 3. Requires no post treatment process, because it can be coloured while it is being manufactured. 4. Fast cycle times and turnover rates translates to faster production. 5. Very lightweight so it adds aerodynamic efficiency for the bumper. 6. Chemical resistance, longer life for the bumper part. DISADVANTAGES 1. Relatively high Cost for the bumper. 2. Minimal wear resistance compared to metals, lowers the life of the bumper. 3. Less durable than steel 5.0.4 Fibreglass Composites ADVANTAGES 1. Fibreglass is a light material for making bumpers. 2. Fibreglass is strong and durable making the bumper last longer. 3. Fibreglass can be easily deformed for shock absorbing capacity, which is the primary the function of the bumper. DISADVANTAGES 1. Some fibreglass insulation still uses formaldehyde as a binder, which leaks out into the air. This …show more content…
It is thought as bumper material, without sacrificing its shock absorbing capacity. Its lightness also helps the bumper become aerodynamically efficient. Ceramics are strong but very brittle, so would not usefully absorb the kinetic energy of impact. The most promising are the relatively new carbon nanotubes. The promising characteristics are as follows:
(1) Carbon Nanotubes can have Young's modulus as high as 1 terra Pascal, so it is ideal as a strong bumper material
(2) Carbon nanotubes have the greatest of both tensile strength and elastic modulus. [3]
(3) A carbon nanotube is very hard. Standard single-walled nanotubes can tolerate a pressure of about 24GPa without being deformed. The highest pressure that the material can tolerated under experiments techniques is 55GPa. It has a greater bulk modulus of 462-546 GPA than that of the diamond.
(4) Resources to manufacture them is very abundant and from a few materials many can be constructed
(5) They are functional even in the extreme temperatures
7.0.0 THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS MAKE THE CARBON NANOTUBES HARD TO IMPLEMENT:
The following aspects made the carbon nanotubes harder to
4.0.4 Fibreglass Composites - This material combines the resilience, stiffness, flexibility and strength. The resulting material is very lightweight, fairly strong and resists bending which makes it very ideal for bumpers. It makes the bumper aerodynamically efficient while making it tough, without sacrificing deformability for shock absorbing capability. The only limiting characteristic is the cost. 4.0.5 Carbon Fibre - Carbon fibre has strength five times of steel while it has density twice less than aluminium and five times less than steel. …show more content…
It is also flexible. This material is also tough. A bumper made entirely of carbon fibre is the lightest available
5.0.0 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF EACH BUMPER MATERIALS
5.0.1 Steel
ADVANTAGES
1. Can have an attractive finish and wide range of decorative finishes available
2. Steel has the highest melting point so less likely to degrade under higher temperatures so it is ideal for the outdoor environment.
3. Has the highest strength, hardness and durability in other bumper materials
4. Has a wider range of processors available for manufacturing DISADVANTAGES 1. Manufacturing of steel often requires post production process such as finishing, painting, and deburring, which adds to the production time and cost. 2. Advanced geometries or shapes cannot be done on molten metal because of its viscosity.. 3. Tooling which is needed in manufacturing usually more expensive than another tooling materials. 5.0.2 Aluminium ADVANTAGES 1. Lightweight, great for aerodynamic efficiency of the bumper 2. Does not Rust 3. High malleability good for production and shock absorbing capabilities. DISADVANTAGES 1. Relatively high Cost for the bumper 2. Becomes brittle over time and cracks if unpainted lowers the lifespan of the bumper. 3. Difficult to repair if damaged 4. Less durable than steel, easily dented/scratched 5.0.3 Plastics ADVANTAGES 1. Ease of forming because of low melting point and high malleability lowers the cost of manufacturing the bumper 2. Does not Rust 3. Requires no post treatment process, because it can be coloured while it is being manufactured. 4. Fast cycle times and turnover rates translates to faster production. 5. Very lightweight so it adds aerodynamic efficiency for the bumper. 6. Chemical resistance, longer life for the bumper part. DISADVANTAGES 1. Relatively high Cost for the bumper. 2. Minimal wear resistance compared to metals, lowers the life of the bumper. 3. Less durable than steel 5.0.4 Fibreglass Composites ADVANTAGES 1. Fibreglass is a light material for making bumpers. 2. Fibreglass is strong and durable making the bumper last longer. 3. Fibreglass can be easily deformed for shock absorbing capacity, which is the primary the function of the bumper. DISADVANTAGES 1. Some fibreglass insulation still uses formaldehyde as a binder, which leaks out into the air. This …show more content…
It is thought as bumper material, without sacrificing its shock absorbing capacity. Its lightness also helps the bumper become aerodynamically efficient. Ceramics are strong but very brittle, so would not usefully absorb the kinetic energy of impact. The most promising are the relatively new carbon nanotubes. The promising characteristics are as follows:
(1) Carbon Nanotubes can have Young's modulus as high as 1 terra Pascal, so it is ideal as a strong bumper material
(2) Carbon nanotubes have the greatest of both tensile strength and elastic modulus. [3]
(3) A carbon nanotube is very hard. Standard single-walled nanotubes can tolerate a pressure of about 24GPa without being deformed. The highest pressure that the material can tolerated under experiments techniques is 55GPa. It has a greater bulk modulus of 462-546 GPA than that of the diamond.
(4) Resources to manufacture them is very abundant and from a few materials many can be constructed
(5) They are functional even in the extreme temperatures
7.0.0 THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS MAKE THE CARBON NANOTUBES HARD TO IMPLEMENT:
The following aspects made the carbon nanotubes harder to