Although it is generally accepted that regular exercise provides substantial health benefits for individuals with type 2 diabetes, the exact exercise type (aerobic vs. resistance vs. both) has been unclear. “Given that the 2008 Federal Physical Activity Guidelines recommend aerobic exercise in combination with resistance training, the unanswered question as to whether for a given amount of time the combination of aerobic exercise and resistance training is better than either alone has significant clinical and public health importance,” the authors write.
Timothy S. Church and colleagues conducted the HART-D trial, which compared among 262 sedentary women and men with type 2 diabetes the effect of aerobic exercise, resistance training, and a combination of both on change in hemoglobin A1c levels (HbA1c; a minor component of hemoglobin [the substance of red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells] and to which glucose [blood sugar] is bound; HbA1c levels are used to monitor the control of diabetes mellitus). Study participants were 63.0 percent women, 47.3 percent nonwhite, average age of 56 years, HbA1c level of 7.7 percent and duration of diabetes of 7.1 years. The individuals were enrolled in the 9-month exercise program between April 2007 and August 2009.…