The articles showed the many ways philosophy influences knowledge development in nursing. As nursing continues to evolve, it challenges nurses to continue to ask questions and seek out new innovated ways to learn and implement proficient nursing care. According to Kim (1999), during the last 30 years the nursing education and development approach was based empirical methods: factual, observation and experimental practice. Nurses then implemented evidence-based practice. Kim (1999) states that in present-day interpretive methods such as: nursing experience, spiritual factors, skilled nursing techniques and analytical methods for leading nursing care. Three good points were made in the article: the knowledge we gain through nursing experience
