Vertical dimension (VD) defined in the Glossary of Prosthodontic Terms as "The distance between two selected anatomic or marked points”. Occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) defined as "The distance between two selected anatomic points when in maximal inter-cuspal position”.(1) The OVD is determined by the repetitive contracted length of the elevator muscles which sets the jaw-to-jaw relationship.(2)
During growth and development OVD affected by three factors: Growth of the ramus, gonial angle of the mandible and Eruption of the teeth.(3) Patients with short ramus and obtuse gonial angle have an increased facial height and excessive tooth and gingival display.(4)(5)(6) Patient with long ramus and acute gonial angle have a short lower face, stronger masseter muscle and inadequate maxillary tooth display.(7)(8)(9)
Some authors believed that OVD is constant by …show more content…
Gradual wear is generally compensated by continuous eruption, which maintains the OVD. Accelerated wear such as that seen in patients with congenital anomalies and excessive oral habits often results in decreased OVD. (15) Possible consequences of tooth wear include: loss of the OVD, occlusal instability and absence of an effective anterior guide. Its adverse effects varying according to the General patient health, resistance, duration & frequency.(21)
According to Turner Patients with wear can be placed into one of three categories for an appropriate treatment plan. In the first category there is loss of OVD while in the second & the third categories there is no loss of OVD with space available in the 2nd and limited space in the 3rd category. Category No. 1 is treated by removable splint for 1 month followed by heat cured fixed provisionals for 2-3 months. Category No. 2 is treated by crown lengthening. Category No. 3 which is the most difficult to restore is treated by ortho intrusion or surgery.
During growth and development OVD affected by three factors: Growth of the ramus, gonial angle of the mandible and Eruption of the teeth.(3) Patients with short ramus and obtuse gonial angle have an increased facial height and excessive tooth and gingival display.(4)(5)(6) Patient with long ramus and acute gonial angle have a short lower face, stronger masseter muscle and inadequate maxillary tooth display.(7)(8)(9)
Some authors believed that OVD is constant by …show more content…
Gradual wear is generally compensated by continuous eruption, which maintains the OVD. Accelerated wear such as that seen in patients with congenital anomalies and excessive oral habits often results in decreased OVD. (15) Possible consequences of tooth wear include: loss of the OVD, occlusal instability and absence of an effective anterior guide. Its adverse effects varying according to the General patient health, resistance, duration & frequency.(21)
According to Turner Patients with wear can be placed into one of three categories for an appropriate treatment plan. In the first category there is loss of OVD while in the second & the third categories there is no loss of OVD with space available in the 2nd and limited space in the 3rd category. Category No. 1 is treated by removable splint for 1 month followed by heat cured fixed provisionals for 2-3 months. Category No. 2 is treated by crown lengthening. Category No. 3 which is the most difficult to restore is treated by ortho intrusion or surgery.