Usher Syndrome is a most common condition that affects both hearing and vision. A Syndrome is a disease or disorder that has more than one feature of symptom. The major symptom of Usher Syndrome is hearing lose an eye disorder called retinitis pigmentosa, or RP. RP causes night blindness and a loss of peripheral vision through the progressive degeneration of the retina. The retina is a light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye and is crucial for vision. As RP progresses, the field of vision narrow a condition known as “tunnel vision” until only central vision (the ability to see straight ahead) remains. Many people with Usher syndrome also have severe balance problems. There are three types of Usher Syndrome: type 1, type 2, and type 3.
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In developed countries such as the United States, about four babies in every 100,000 births have Usher Syndrome. Usher Syndrome is inherited, which means that it is passed from parents to their children through genes. Genes are located in almost every cell of the body. Every person inherits two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Sometimes genes are altered, or mutated. Mutated genes may cause cells to act differently than expected. Usher syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The term autosomal means that the mutated gene is not located on either of the chromosomes that determine a person’s sex; in other words, both males and females can have the disorder and can pass it along to a child. The word recessive means that, to have Usher syndrome, a person must receive a mutated form of the Usher syndrome gene from each parent. If a child has a mutation in one Usher syndrome gene but the other gene is normal, he or she is predicted to have normal vision and hearing. People with a mutation in a gene that can cause an autosomal recessive disorder are called carriers, because they “carry” the gene with a mutation, but show no symptoms of the disorder. If both parents are carriers of a mutated gene for Usher syndrome, they will have a one-in-four chance of having a child with Usher syndrome with each
In developed countries such as the United States, about four babies in every 100,000 births have Usher Syndrome. Usher Syndrome is inherited, which means that it is passed from parents to their children through genes. Genes are located in almost every cell of the body. Every person inherits two copies of each gene, one from each parent. Sometimes genes are altered, or mutated. Mutated genes may cause cells to act differently than expected. Usher syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. The term autosomal means that the mutated gene is not located on either of the chromosomes that determine a person’s sex; in other words, both males and females can have the disorder and can pass it along to a child. The word recessive means that, to have Usher syndrome, a person must receive a mutated form of the Usher syndrome gene from each parent. If a child has a mutation in one Usher syndrome gene but the other gene is normal, he or she is predicted to have normal vision and hearing. People with a mutation in a gene that can cause an autosomal recessive disorder are called carriers, because they “carry” the gene with a mutation, but show no symptoms of the disorder. If both parents are carriers of a mutated gene for Usher syndrome, they will have a one-in-four chance of having a child with Usher syndrome with each