Type 2 Diabetes Case Study

Of all the diabetes, type 2 is the most common, accounting for 90 to 95% of all cases of diabetes. There is insufficient production of insulin by the pancreas. The disease process associated with type 2 diabetes include insulin resistance, where the fat, muscle, and liver cells do not use insulin to carry glucose into the body’s cells to use for energy. As a result, the body requires more insulin to help glucose move in the cells. At first, the pancreas is able to keep up with the added demand by making more insulin. However, overtime the pancreas is unable to produce sufficient insulin to overcome resistance when blood sugar levels increase especially after meals. The lengthy cycle of elevated blood glucose eventually damages the beta cells, consequently reducing production of insulin and causing full blown diabetes (Simon, 2012).
Type 2 diabetes is commonly diagnosed in general practice. Early detection and prompt treatment may reduce the burden of type 2 diabetes and its complications. Diagnosing type 2 diabetes include assessing the patient for sign and symptoms such as, excessive thirst, frequent urination especially at night, increased hunger, lack of energy, weight loss, blurred vision, and slow healing wounds. If the patient is exhibiting the stated symptoms, a fasting plasma …show more content…
Since patients with diabetes type 2 are associated with cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and obesity, treating these risk factors is critical in preventing cardiometabolic risk. A comprehensive diabetic evaluation should be conducted and it consists of a complete medical history, physical examination, laboratory evaluation for lipid panel, liver function tests, serum creatinine, and urine albumin. Any possible referrals should be made immediately to respective specialists (Hillaire & Woods,