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The purpose of the study was “to better understand what trust and distrust in physicians means to African Americans” (Jacobs, Rolle, Ferrans, & Whitaker, 2006). [5] Thirty two women and thirty four men were selected from a clinic waiting room and from a public support program in Chicago, IL. They all signed a consent form and was given $35 and meal for participating in the study. [5] In the discussions and conclusions section of the study it tells that African Americans even in 2006 when this study was done still have trust issues when it comes to the care and treatment of physicians.
Jacobs et al., (2006) write “African Americans in our sample revealed that trust and distrust in physicians are complex constructs. While interpersonal and technical competence drive African American trust in physicians, distrust is more complex and arises out of more than incompetence. The participants in our study indicated that perceptions of physician greed and racism and expectations of experimentation in routine medical care contributed to their distrust of physicians. Not surprisingly, distrust negatively relates directly to the acceptance of and willingness to seek health care” (n. …show more content…
James Sims who is acknowledged to some as being the “father of gynecology” (Paschal, 2015, para. 1). [8] Sims attained his notability by performing experiments on slaves. Some he owned and others were from other slave owners that he convinced to let him use for experimenting. These experiments were performed in an attempt to cure what is known as Vesico-vaginal Fistula which is a condition where a woman’s bladder has fallen after a long and difficult childbirth (2002, para. 5). There were multiple surgeries performed on these women. There were three women in particular over and over again. According to Paschal, in Sims’ biography he mentioned his first operation “as being on the eve of a great discovery” (para.5). All of the surgeries performed slaves were done with no anesthesia, but only after perfecting the surgeries using slaves, the procedure done on white women anesthesia (2002, para. 9). From a consequentialist or utilitarian view, he probably believed that the good end justified the bad means. Looking at this from a deontologist view, Dr. Sims should have felt obligated to protect his own slaves from the harm of these experiments. Instead these were deeds in contrast of libertarian justice. The slaves had no rights and could not agree nor disagree to any type of