Purpose and Background Cells divide in two ways, mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is used to produce cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell for growth, asexual reproduction, or repair after injury. Cells that are produced by mitosis are diploid, meaning that they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Meiosis is used to produce haploid cells that have only one set of chromosomes, a mix of chromosomes from both parents. Meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from their parent cells.…
Interactive Question 7.2 Cite some experimental evidence that indicates that membrane proteins drift. A good form of experimental evidence is Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching, aka FRAP. In the FRAP process, membrane proteins are labelled with a green fluorescent protein, and part of the plasma membrane is “bleached” with a laser, causing them to lose their fluorescence. The part that was bleached will eventually become fluorescent again, as molecules drift in by diffusion.…
The purpose of this report is determine whether the natural product; vinegar, is better than man made chemical products; Domestos and Pine O clean. This will be determined by the results of the experiment which product has created the largest zone of inhibition. To determine which of the three disinfectants are the most effective depend the one with the largest inhibition zone. Bacteria are tiny microorganisms that colonise together and are found in every living organism.…
Several tests were accomplished technically and carefully to identify the unknown # 230 to be M.luteus bacteria. Most of the observed results do match the expected ones, except two tests. The observed results for glucose fermentation and oxidase test did not match the expected results. The expected result for fermentation of glucose test was negative while the observed result was positive.…
R.C. 5.9 Mathematics (Mobile Infant) Activity: “Stack Them Up” Materials: Stacking blocks, nesting cups, measuring cups Infants are continually growing in all areas of development. In this activity, the goal is to get the infant to stack their blocks or cups. The teacher would have the child sit on the floor or at a table with their toys.…
Melittin is the active component of bee venom and when injected releases histamine from mast cells and ruptures red blood cell corpuscles. This interaction is responsible for the initial pain and swelling that is associated with a bee sting. (Collison, 41) However, the properties that make melittin toxic can also be harnessed for therapeutic purposes. Melittin is a small protein containing 26 amino acids that comprises 50% of bee venom’s dry weight.…
A chemical reaction’s rate is described by the amount of product formed. Substances that increase that rate are called catalysts. Catalysts are often proteins called enzymes. Enzymes change the pathway of the reaction between the products and the product. However, enzymes don’t alter the starting or ending points.…
Brandon Ugbesia 9/24/2015 Steps and Procedures 1. Blend a 120 g sample of each fruit separately a in a blender with about 50 mL of distilled water. Strain any extra pulp with a cheesecloth. You should have at least around 120 ml of substance. 2.…
The focus of this lab was to identify an unknown organism based on its characteristics and the results from each of the tests. There will be various of test to choose from in order to identify the unknown organism, which will eliminate numerous possibilities and narrow it down to one. All the fundamental skills that we have learned and practiced in the lab will be used to perform on our unknown such as aseptic technique, microscopic examination, the use of differential media, and determining if it’s positive or negative. Performing aseptic techniques is the most crucial step that requires the utilizing of transferring, inoculating, and storing bacterial cultures and media. Aseptic technique is defined as procedures that prevent contamination…
The Ginty Lab at Harvard Medical school focuses its research on understanding the function, organization, and mechanisms of assembly of the peripheral nervous system and spinal cord circuits that underlie somatosensation. My project specifically is examining contributions of the peripheral nervous system to Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) using a mouse model of ASD. A recent study in our lab found a peripheral somatosensory neuron locus of dysfunction in two mouse models of ASD that lead to tactile hypersensitivity due to deficits in GABAA receptor signaling at the primary afferent terminals in the spinal cord, as well as anxiety-like behavior and social interaction deficits in these mice. These results highlight a possible new therapeutic target for the treatment of ASD, and we therefore hope to determine whether restoration of GABAA receptor signaling specifically in peripheral somatosensory neurons can improve the observed…
A macromolecule is a molecule that contains any "large number" of atoms. There are four main different categories of macromolecules that make up our body: carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. (1) Carbohydrates are sugars that store and transport energy. (2) Lipids also store energy and also are signalling molecules. (3) Proteins are linear chains of amino acids that help with the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues and organs.…
Glucosinolates can be converted into various derivative, some which are toxic by the enzyme myrosinase as is shown in Reaction 1 image. Myrosinase, which is the enzyme in this reaction, is known to be the only enzyme in nature that can cleave a thio-linked glucose (Getahun, et al., 1999). The various isoenzymic forms of myrosinase are secluded in different species and tissues, but when release all the forms hydrolyze the thiohydroximate-o-sulphonate. The thiohydroximate-o-sulphonate is then spontaneously transformed by Lossen rearrangement to yield a sulphate and an extensive variety of aglucones (Nugon-Baudon, et al., 1994). An inside to the thermal stability of myrosinase in broccoli have shown that the enzyme is inactive at 70◦ Celsius in…
Introduction In this experiment, isopentyl acetate was prepared by the direct esterification of acetic acid with isopentyl alcohol, which is an equilibrium that results in a shift in favor of the product by using one of the starting materials in excess. An esterification reaction is when an acid is converted into an ester by combining with an alcohol and removing a water molecule. Esters are found in numerous natural products, including fruits, flowers, and spices. Carboxyllic esters contribute to the flavor of products; therefore, esters are often found in artificial flavorings.…
In this equation, x and y denotes the number of moles of RE and Mn atoms per formula unit of the structure, respectively. The RE and Mn represent the theoretical magnetic moment of trivalent free RE3+ ions and divalent Mn2+ ions respectively. The experimental values of total magnetic moments were found to be smaller than the calculated values (Table xyz). The crystal field effects can lead to lower value of magnetic moments for RE3+ ions in these compositions as compared to free RE3+ ions, which in turn could lower the total magnetic moment of these compositions. This discrepancy in the total magnetic moment values could also be due to the presence of secondary phases in these samples.…
PREPARATION OUTLINE Purpose Statement: To inform my audience about the basics of essential oils. Thesis Statement: Since biblical times, essential oils from plants have been harvested and distilled for topical, aromatic, and internal use by many as part of a wellness regimen. I. Introduction A. Attention Getter: Since the beginning of time, plants have been used for the physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being of people. Today, some of the most advanced pharmacological drugs mimic naturally occurring compounds from plants.…