In spite of being dissatisfied with the humanistic approach and becoming fully aware that the spiritual dimension of the human psyche was left out, Abraham Maslow, Anthony Sutich, and Stanislav Gorf came together to create the transpersonal perspective (Cowley & Derezotes, 1994). According to Cowley and Derezotes (1994), “The Transpersonal theory was developed to challenge the traditional views of Western psychologies that hold self-actualization as the highest goal of human development” (Cowley & Derezotes, 1994). The concepts of transpersonal theory are spiritual dimension and matters relating to human values and development, the developmental stages beyond the adult ego, which involve experiences of connectedness with phenomena considered
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Mele, Pels, and Polese (2010) has defined systems theory to be a, “Theoretical perspective that analyzes a phenomena seen as a whole and not simply the sum of elementary parts” (Mele, Pels, and Polese (2010). The key concepts of this theory include, systems, a set of elements and interactions, are a group of things which have something in common (Tamas, Whitehorse, & Almonte, 2000), within a larger system, there is subsystem, each system is defined by some sort of boundary, margins that separate one entity, which can be either open or closed (Tamas, Whitehorse, & Almonte, 2000), and homoeostasis, in which a system will remain in a steady state or dynamic balance if it obtains its resources (Tamas, Whitehorse, & Almonte, 2000). This overall theme of this perspective is that how systems interact with their subsystem.
In addition, major theories that have been identified to outline the systems perspective is the family systems theory and ecological perspective. Both of these theories explain how people interact with their environment and how the systems can affect the
Mele, Pels, and Polese (2010) has defined systems theory to be a, “Theoretical perspective that analyzes a phenomena seen as a whole and not simply the sum of elementary parts” (Mele, Pels, and Polese (2010). The key concepts of this theory include, systems, a set of elements and interactions, are a group of things which have something in common (Tamas, Whitehorse, & Almonte, 2000), within a larger system, there is subsystem, each system is defined by some sort of boundary, margins that separate one entity, which can be either open or closed (Tamas, Whitehorse, & Almonte, 2000), and homoeostasis, in which a system will remain in a steady state or dynamic balance if it obtains its resources (Tamas, Whitehorse, & Almonte, 2000). This overall theme of this perspective is that how systems interact with their subsystem.
In addition, major theories that have been identified to outline the systems perspective is the family systems theory and ecological perspective. Both of these theories explain how people interact with their environment and how the systems can affect the