Toro-Moyano Essay

There are two important sites where Lower Paleolithic tools were found and they are called Barranco León and Fuente Nueva 3 (“Toro-Moyano, Isidro”). Barranco León and Fuente Nueva 3 are located near the town of Orce in Spain. (“Toro-Moyano, Isidro”). Barranco León was first excavated in 1994 and Fuente Nueva 3 was excavated in 1995, both of these sites were still getting excavated in the mid 2000’s (“Schick, Kathy, and Nicholas Toth”). Since 1994 to 2004, 69% of the raw materials that were found in Barranco León were flint and 31% were limestone (“Toro-Moyano, Isidro”). In Fuente Nueva 3, 37% of the material that were found were flint and 63% was limestone from 1995-2004 (“Toro-Moyano, Isidro”). There were large amounts of flint tools such as cores and flakes found in Barranco León as well as a plethora of tools made out of limestone in Fuente Nueva 3 (“Toro-Moyano, Isidro”). Flint appeared south of the sites and limestone appeared south of the sites and the materials were then collected down a secondary deposit (“Toro-Moyano, Isidro”). There are several advantages of both materials, …show more content…
The Levallois technique was first used in Africa and then was perfected in the Mousterian Tradition (O’Neil). There are four steps involved in the Levallois technique (Michaels and Smith). The first and second steps are, a large stone is selected, then the stone is percussion flaked around the outside, which prepares the core (O’Neil). The third step is, one side of the stone is percussion flaked and then lastly, one end of the stone is struck which removes a large flake that is flat on one end and then convex on the other end (O’Neil). The flakes that were created from the Levallois technique were used for puncturing, scraping, cutting and much more (O’Neil). This technique obviously requires excellent craftsmanship, which means that the person creating the tool needs experience and