Ethyl vinyl ether was used to protect –OH on glycidol based on a literature reported protocal.59 In a typical procedure, 0.675 mol glycidol and 200 mL ethyl vinyl ether were loaded in a round-bottom flask, to which 1.25 g TsOH was then added. The reaction was allowed to proceed at room temperature (RT) for 3h. The resulting mixture was then purified by washing with 100 ml saturated aqueous solution of NaHCO3 for 3 times. The organic layer obtained was dried by MgSO4. After filtration of MgSO4, the excess ethyl vinyl ether was removed by rotary evaporation.…
Doc. Anthony Miller, a physicist, and an engineer, with him Doc. Stephen Strange who had the same expertise as Doc. Anthony Miller. They were transported to Area 51 which was a secret military facility, they were brought there to work on a project.…
1. a. My data demonstrated the law of conservation of mass in part 5 of the experiment, dissolving sugar in water. The law of conservation mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed by can enter or leave the system. The system’s change in mass was 0.00 grams, resulting in support of this statement.…
There may have been errors in the lab that may have affected the results of the lab. There may have been mistakes: a person may have not measured the substances correctly while retrieving the liquids in the graduated cylinder, or not have been watching the conductivity probe while the group was measuring the electrolyte solution. Along with these, there is also the issue of timing the testing incorrectly. Adding onto this, there may have been a slight spill where the accurate amount of the substance being used was not completely added into the water for testing.…
The results provide information that both simple and fractional distillation did separate toluene and cyclohexane but the experiment-lacked accuracy especially for fractional distillation, concluding that simple distillation did a better job. In simple distillation fraction 1 and 2 showed small indications of toluene that were distilled with cyclohexane but the results for fractional distillation indicated larger amounts of toluene presented then simple distillation did for fraction 1. While in the fourth fraction; simple and fractional distillation presented there was a larger percent of toluene; which is what should’ve been seen.…
Nettie Stauts January 26, 2018 CDT-2413 Module 1 Lab Parents Perspective: The parents were apprehensive, but eager, entering their son Luke in a child care program. They were getting early intervention home-centered services in which Luke had progressed with assistance from his therapist and babysitter. He lacked social developmental skills and they heard about inclusion although unfamiliar with the concept. They were adapted interacting with Luke through gestures and augmentative communication devices yet anxious about his communication in the classroom.…
The hypothesis I made was supported because when the lab had concluded, it was clear that the maximum temperature of the northern hemisphere tilted towards the lamp (the Summer ME) was greater than the southern hemisphere tilted towards the lamp (the Winter ME). Although the thermometers did not all begin with the same temperature reading, I observed that by minute eight the temperatures began to reflect the positioning of the globe. The model of Summer ME was more quickly heated than the Winter ME. By comparison, the rate of temperature increase in the first eight minutes averaged a 1.88° C increase per minute for the Summer ME, and a 0.4° C increase per minute for the Winter ME. Another fault our group encountered was improperly positioning the thermometers for convenience, and some believed that their orientation may have affected the reading slightly.…
Radioactivity past paper assignment Question 1: In the fridge, from a previous experiment, there is a 50 mM [U-14C] glucose solution. A 20 uL aliquot was counted and gave 200 000 dpm. What is the specific activity of this preparation? 20 uL = 200 000 dpm (divide both sides by 20) 1 uL = 10 000 dpm Glucose = 50 mM = 50 mmol / uL =…
In this lab, we carried out a variety of reactions using different chemicals and metals. A chemical reaction is when the chemical state of the substance you are testing rearranges its ionic and molecular structure. One of the reactions we experienced was single replacement, this consists of one ion switching places with another ion to form a new compound. Another reaction we saw was double replacement. In this reaction, two compounds ions are switched to form two new compounds.…
After starting with 30 mL of an unknown mixture of two solvents, fractional distillation and gas chromatography were used to identify the unknowns as acetone and toluene in a 1 to 2.04 ratio of acetone to toluene. Fractional distillation was first used to separate the unknown mixture into its components based on boiling point. Distillation refers to the method of separating components of a mixture through heating and cooling. Simple distillation, which is especially useful in the separation of less-volatile substances from volatile substances, such as sugar from water, can be used to separate a liquid-liquid mixture if the boiling points of the component liquids differ by more than 40-50°C. A plot of temperature versus volume for a simple…
In this lab we learned about the writing and naming of chemical formulas. Chemical formulas are the expressions that indicate the number and type of atoms present in the smallest representative unit of a substance. Chemical formulas are written by determining the charges of both the cation and anion, then combining them in a way that produces a neutral compound. When naming chemical formulas we had to first write the name of the chemical then the second, adding -ide to the end of the second chemical, unless it was already a polyatomic ion. The polyatomic ion is placed into parenthesis to show that it is one unit.…
Purpose: The overall goal of this lab was to perform a procedure on E. Coli which involved transferring genes that encoded for the green fluorescent protein into E. Coli to see if the transferred genes would make a difference on the growth and whether or not the bacteria would glow under UV light. Hypothesis: If the bacteria with the pGLO plasmid was grown on a plate containing LB and ampicillin then the bacteria will grow but not glow under UV light. If the bacteria with the pGLO plasmid was grown on a plate containing LB, ampicillin, and arabinose then it will be able to grow and glow under UV light. If the bacteria without pGLO plasmid was grown on a plate containing LB and ampicillin then it will not be able to grow or glow under UV light.…
While Columbus receiving gifts from the Indians containing tobacco is the first record of Native Americans having drugs, we can assume they used and possessed these drugs before 1492. Coca leaves are leaves grown that produce the drug cocaine. The coca leave itself is usually chewed or made into a tea. High dosages are needed to produce a true high that would alter the mind of the user.…
Based on the theory of free volume, penetrant molecules can diffuse from one place to another if there is a blank space or a free volume sufficient (Mulder, 1991). The movement of heat will produce a magnification of free volume in the membrane. Therefore, the rate of diffusion of each molecule penetrant increased at high temperatures and produce high permeation flux values anyway (Bakhsi et al., 2006). Figure 4.9. The effect of temperature on selectivity for various of membrane composition and ethanol-water (30%-70%) Figure 4.10.…
This experiment examined the boiling process and the effect of added ingredients. Purpose of this experiment is to understand boiling process as well as the factors that affect this property. The objective of this experiment is to investigate the appearance and temperature of range of water that is lukewarm, scalding, simmering and boiling point. On top of that, we also need to determine the factors that boiling temperature of water alone and with various ingredients added.…