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Three Interrelated Elements To Conceptualize An Individual's Characteristics

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MOHO conceptualizes an individual’s innermost characteristics and divides them into three interrelated elements: volition, habituation, and performance capacity (Kielhofner, 2010). Humans are an open system that is made up of four phases. They include, input, throughput, output, and feedback. The input phase means taking in information. The throughput phase refers to making sense of the information that was just taken in. The output phases refers to the action that a person takes as a result of the processed information. Lastly, the feedback phases refers to the reaction from the environment after a person performs the action. Within the open system, there are three elements that interact with an individual’s characteristics. The first …show more content…
This allows a thorough outlook at what an individual’s interests, values, and personal causation are and how they influence any certain choices of action (Kielhofner, 1988). The second element is habituation, which refers to habits and roles that a person adopts to perform daily routines. There are two different types of habituation, one refers to the intentional functioning; or goal directed behavior; while the second refers to the habits, which are learned through repetition. Within MOHO, a collection of habits is know as a trait, which is a learned tendency in a person that forces them to react according to past experiences and motivation. A group of traits makes up a role and when paired together roles and traits can explain habitual functioning within a person. The third element is performance capacity, which refers to an individual’s mental and physical abilities. These abilities include, perceptual motor skills, processing skills, and communication skills. Any change that happens in an individual is a direct result of the interaction of the three elements within MOHO …show more content…
It was initially explained as being commanded by volition and habituation, but in later editions it is explained as “performance capacity and the experience of the person.” This change marked a shift in how occupational therapists view performance as more than just an outcome. Lastly, the third major change to MOHO shows the progression overtime in how occupational therapy practice has developed more assessment tools to assist in different intervention techniques. MOHO provides a variety of different assessment tools, techniques, and processes that have been developed over four editions that can help refine interventions and promote better outcomes with clients (Turpin & Iwana,

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