Important Motivational Needs According to Nelson, “Motivation is the process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behavior” (Nelson, 2013, p. 163). Coming from the Latin root word movere, motivation means “to move.” There are three broad classifications of motivational theories: internal, process, and external. The first classification, internal, gives consideration to variables inside an individual that has an impact on motivation and behavior. The hierarchy of needs theory characterizes these theories. Secondly, process theories of motivation place emphasis on the type of the relation concerning an individual and the environment (Nelson, 2013, p. 163). The expectancy theory represents the process theories. Lastly, external theories
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165). This theory categories needs as being physiological needs, safety and security needs, love or social needs, esteem needs, and the need for self-actualization (Nelson, 2013, p. 165). Another theorist, Douglas McGregor, grouped the physiological and safety needs as lower order and the social, esteem, and self-actualization needs as being of a higher order (Nelson, 2013, p. 166). According to McGregor, theory X is concerned with how to manage those who are motivated by lower-order needs and theory Y is concerned with managing those who are motivated by higher-order needs. Another major need theory of motivation focuses on personality and learned needs. Henry Murray developed a list of motives and needs, and McClelland identified three learned or acquired needs, called manifest needs which include needs for achievement (excellence and competition), power, and association (Nelson, 2013, p. 168). Important motivational needs include the need to survive; the need to be successful and provide for family. Another important need is the need to achieve greatness as a professional, and to belong, to be loved, and …show more content…
Therefore, there is the need to create justifiable system of reward that could motivate employees and fulfill the needs of a diverse workforce (McGee, 2007). There is a difference in the way employee in countries that are undeveloped as opposed to developed more technologically advanced countries. In countries with a well-developed social security system, workers may have the tendency to place more importance on higher needs and are therefore more likely to be motivated by essential rewards (Klonoski, 2011). Maslow’s, McClelland’s, and Herzberg’s theories, all have discovered cultural variances. Self-actualization may be the highest need for Americans in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. In other cultures such as Japan and Greece, security is possibly the most significant need (Nelson, 2013, p. 182). Furthermore, managers should not make the assumption they recognize the needs of their employees. They should recognize the various needs which motivate employee behavior and make a concerted effort to determine individual needs of diverse employees and being open to feedback (Nelson, 2013, p. 183). Additionally, managers should be considerate when it comes to ethnic, gender, and age differences among employees. As the text states, “Employees with high needs for power must be given opportunities to exercise influence, and employees with high needs for achievement must be allowed to excel at
165). This theory categories needs as being physiological needs, safety and security needs, love or social needs, esteem needs, and the need for self-actualization (Nelson, 2013, p. 165). Another theorist, Douglas McGregor, grouped the physiological and safety needs as lower order and the social, esteem, and self-actualization needs as being of a higher order (Nelson, 2013, p. 166). According to McGregor, theory X is concerned with how to manage those who are motivated by lower-order needs and theory Y is concerned with managing those who are motivated by higher-order needs. Another major need theory of motivation focuses on personality and learned needs. Henry Murray developed a list of motives and needs, and McClelland identified three learned or acquired needs, called manifest needs which include needs for achievement (excellence and competition), power, and association (Nelson, 2013, p. 168). Important motivational needs include the need to survive; the need to be successful and provide for family. Another important need is the need to achieve greatness as a professional, and to belong, to be loved, and …show more content…
Therefore, there is the need to create justifiable system of reward that could motivate employees and fulfill the needs of a diverse workforce (McGee, 2007). There is a difference in the way employee in countries that are undeveloped as opposed to developed more technologically advanced countries. In countries with a well-developed social security system, workers may have the tendency to place more importance on higher needs and are therefore more likely to be motivated by essential rewards (Klonoski, 2011). Maslow’s, McClelland’s, and Herzberg’s theories, all have discovered cultural variances. Self-actualization may be the highest need for Americans in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. In other cultures such as Japan and Greece, security is possibly the most significant need (Nelson, 2013, p. 182). Furthermore, managers should not make the assumption they recognize the needs of their employees. They should recognize the various needs which motivate employee behavior and make a concerted effort to determine individual needs of diverse employees and being open to feedback (Nelson, 2013, p. 183). Additionally, managers should be considerate when it comes to ethnic, gender, and age differences among employees. As the text states, “Employees with high needs for power must be given opportunities to exercise influence, and employees with high needs for achievement must be allowed to excel at