Over the years, criminologists have endeavoured to explain the causes and suggest solutions for youth criminal behaviour, through the use of criminological models. Pre-modern explanations were rejected by new theories because these theories fundamentally believed in rationality and humanitarianism. The purpose of pre-modern explanations was to identify, a connection between the individual and society; the reasons for disorder and an implementation of sanctions of those individuals who breached the existing norms of behaviour. Most pre-modern explanations relied upon spiritualism and naturalism. The modern models were criminological theories which were developed during the period of industrial modernity to explain offending behaviour.…
Furthermore, the causes of her behavior in committing seven murders had a lot to do with Social reaction theory. People have labelled Wuornos because of her crimes, which put a damaging perception on her self-image. This labeling on her relates to Interpreting Crime; people’s reactions and thoughts of her devastating crimes. For instance, many labeled her as a psychopath, murdered, serial killer, uneducated, poor, emotionally and physically corrupted. Interpreting crime, also helps label positive behavior from negative behavior.…
Control theory concentrates on the elements that limit people from crime. They contend that all individuals have needs and desires that are more effectively fulfilled through crime than through legitimate channels. For instance, it is much less demanding to take cash than to work for it. So according to control theorists, crime requires no extraordinary clarification, and it is frequently the most practical approach to get what one needs. Instead of clarifying why individuals participate in crime, we have to clarify why they don't.…
Why is crime such a large part of our everyday society? Since the beginning of time, crime has been a large part of history, which gradually increased throughout the years, and continues today in everyday life. Crime is something that is caused by either force, impulse, fun, accident, or environmental factors. Some people have been raised since childhood in areas where crime rates were at a high and this may have compelled them to follow a negative figure, thus resulting in that person committing crimes. Malcolm Gladwell, author of Power of Context: Bernie Goetz and the Rise and Fall of New York City Crime, mentions how key concepts shape the way in which crimes are performed through an individual’s involvement with his or her environment and…
Sociology Explain how crime and criminal justice have been theorised? Criminology is now generally referred to as classical criminology which came into its own right 60/ 70 years ago, although it emerged around 130 years ago. It can be argued criminology emerged when the criminal justice system began to be questioned and the concern over identifying differences between criminals and non-offenders (Garland, 1994). There are various theories on criminology; those that will be discussed are theoretical explanations of crime and punishment, inspection and surveillance, criminal typing, and the normal and pathological. Systems of punishments in the 17th and 18th centuries were bloody and cruel because they were based on retribution or revenge.…
In today’s world, beauty has a larger impact upon people’s judgment. The research of Sigall and Ostrove in 1975 examined the exact judgment of beauty upon a person’s perception of others. Sigall and Ostrove proposed that the more beautiful an individual was, the more likely that individual would receive a higher positive bias. Their theory also proposed that a positive-affect model of attraction explains this positive bias, while the model states that beauty serves as a positive reinforcer to the perceiver (Sigall, Ostrove 1975). An individual asked to describe a criminal might describe him or her differently than when asked to describe a model.…
The idea of strain theory is that there are many factors in your life that will lead you in the life of crime. These factors are said to have negative affect on your life goals that will cause you to search for alternatives in order to live. Some examples of this theory can be outlined in many different categories. Money is one of the first and major parts of strain theories.…
There is a combination of influences that contribute to the willingness of a person to commit a crime, such as biological and social factors. Criminologists have generated many theories to describe the reasoning of committing…
Today, crime is not a new matter. In fact, crime and violence have been existent in the United States for more than two centuries. We can trace crime all the way to the Old West to the inner cities of the early 1900s. Since then, criminal activity has constantly been evolving along with our nation. In order to protect the safety of the public, government agencies were created for the purpose of combating and deterring crime.…
Introduction “He who does not prevent a crime when he can, encourages it”, a quote from Lucius Annaeus Seneca that helps describe how society views and “prevents” crime. Criminal theories attempt to construct views on how to prevent and fight crime but often the criminal justice system is working against society. The two theories that are explained within are the social learning theory and rational choice theory. These theories will construct views as to how and why the seven crimes are committed using the concepts within the theories.…
People can become criminals due to several reasons; some of which are due to biological, social, psychological and economic factors. One biological factor is parental relations. People who grow up with abuse or introverted behavior in their home, are more likely to become criminals. Another example is if there are exposed to sexual abuse in their childhood; this could lead the victim to follow the same pattern. People can become criminals because of poor education, which results in unemployment in the future, drugs and alcohol abuse or peer influence.…
In this paper, I will be discussing two different theories to explain the crime of robbery. The two theories I will be focusing on will be the rational choice theory and the routine activity theory. In 2011, the Federal Bureau of Investigations (F.B.I.) Uniform Crime Reporting Program (U.C.R.) estimates that there were approximately 354,396 robberies in the US accounting for $409 million in losses of individuals (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2011). The F.B.I.’s U.C.R. defines robbery as: The taking or attempting to take anything of value from the care, custody, or control of a person or persons by force or threat of force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear (Federal Bureau of Investigation, 2011: N.P).…
Violent Crime, Theory, and Prevention The violent crime that chose to explain would be gang violence and the theory that I associated it with is Social Disorganization Theory. For the first time in decades, US politics have begun having a serious discussion regarding the deadly results of gun violence and the gang members who are behind it. Baltimore a city with just over 600,000 people, is one of the most dangerous cities within the United States, and have some of the highest violent crime numbers then cities double its size. It is believed that rapid increase of violent offenses and murders are based on the organized gangs that has polluted the city. Currently the top organized gangs are Baltimore Crew an Italian group affiliated with…
The best way to prevent crimes in the community is to have all agencies affected by crime, working together to minimizing the influence of it. This theory is called ONE SYSTEM. Many of the theories mentioned in chapter one of our criminology theory book have one common goal, to understand. Theories such as macro level theories try to explain the criminal mind from a grander perspective. Where micro theories attempt to bring a improve perception on an individual level.…
Crime occurs when the forces that bind people in society are weakened or broken (Siegel, 2012). When breaking down this theory, the main premise behind the thought process is fear of punishment, which acts as the deterrence for the person. People obey the rules for different reasons, but most follow the law because of moral and ethical beliefs and conformity to the rules in society. Rules are in place for a reason, they all make sense, so why break them. How you are brought up by your parents can have an influence on this theory as well, if your parents were law abiding and have established that good moral and ethical behavior, then the child is likely to follow and vice versa, if the parents taught to abuse or break the law and not follow it, then the child is likely to follow the parent and end up being an offender or a career criminal.…