Theme Of Racism In One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest

Improved Essays
In today’s society, racism is still a prevalent issue, where large groups of people still believe in the idea of inequality by expressing it through racial slurs, the media, and crime. In One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest, Ken Kesey sheds light on racist outlooks of society during the 1960’s. Kesey establishes society's common assumptions through Chief Bromden and the black boys with descriptions of discrimination within the hospital. Many African Americans were deprived of civil rights and society viewed them as unequal because of traditional beliefs regarding skin color. In addition, Native American and African Americans have faced oppression for generations; therefore, the idea of having both Chief Bromden and the black boys act like servants …show more content…
For example, Nurse Ratched forces the black boys to do the dirty work such as cleaning the new patients and inserting a rectal thermometer within the patients. Although the black boys obediently follow Nurse Ratched’s orders, they still despise her, as Chief Bromden recalls that they walk in with hate for “her and her chalk doll whiteness” (26 Kesey). The quotation illustrates that Nurse Ratched controls every action of the black boys and dictates their every move. The emphasis on her physical appearance creates a harsh relationship between the black boys and Nurse Ratched. During the time, many whites believed themselves to be the superior race, especially over African Americans. Kesey exhibits the oppression African Americans faced during the 1960’s with a white female at the top of the ladder overseeing the ward. Likewise, many stigmas are attached to genders. For example, in the 1960’s women were considered inferior and less of a person because society believed they lacked the strength to accomplish tasks that men were able to do. However, the novel breaks theses stigmas, as the leader of the hospital is a woman. Kesey demonstrates the common belief that white people are the superior race through Nurse Ratched while she controls the actions of those below …show more content…
Chief Bromden, the black boys, and Nurse Ratched play a significant role in establishing society's beliefs and moral values. During the time, a vast amount of people believed that African Americans were unfit to be a part of society and have the same rights as whites, while women were viewed as inferior and weak as well. Kesey illustrates society's ideas on such controversial topics in his novel by giving a white female greater power over those beneath her such as the black boys and Chief Bromden. Although society’s viewpoints and values have changed in the 21st century, many extremists faithfully believe that certain groups and people of other ethnicities do not belong in the United States. For example, the neo-Nazis emerged in Charlottesville attacking innocent civilians because of their strong beliefs against a particular group. One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey, demonstrates how certain people in society degrade others in order to feel more important than the rest of the

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    The weak, powerless, and vulnerable are all types of people society creates through the act of self destruction. The idea of society causing a person’s own self destruction is contradictory, however it is a main theme in Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. In the novel, patients are admitted to a psychiatric ward when they stray away from following social norms, not because they are sick. The ward is run by Nurse Ratched, a controlling woman who is ironically all about manipulation instead of rehabilitation.…

    • 1106 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    At different points in time, the human race has both evolved and devolved as a society. Within a hundred years, just in the United States, theres been war, peace, and slavery. It was at the time in which the battle against segregation was coming to a head that Breyten Bretenbach came to be known. When Breytenbach struck at the clenching claws of the supremacists whose, “”peace” in the white mouth demands maintaining a strict order by law, protecting the status quo, everybody “knowing his place,”” he stood up to institutionalized racism through writing (106). Breytenbach was born in 1939 and spent time as a political prisoner because of his campaign to speak out against segregation in South Africa.…

    • 1171 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey is a story about the members of a ward for the mentally ill. The book tells the tale of a new member on the ward named McMurphy who enters the ward with the motive of getting out of work for his own selfish reasons. He later changes his purpose for being on the ward to making sure that most of the patients can become new men and leave the ward. McMurphy's actions start off as him as a troublemaker but over time he is looked at as a Christ figure. The very first day McMurphy ends up on the ward everyone senses that this man is very different from all of the other patients.…

    • 1323 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Society is a machine, supposed to function without a hitch, everybody acting and fulfilling their certain parts, and upholding the ceaseless standards that it entails. The question that remains is what is to become of those who find themselves, deemed unable to fit into societies’ functions and workings. Are they to be controlled, suppressed, or reformed to serve a better purpose in the “machine” of society, or are they supposed to be eliminated or silenced. These are some of the main topics broached in Ken Kesey’s counterculture novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, which comments on the normalizing tendencies and reformist nature of society through the symbol of machinery.…

    • 844 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Ken Kesey was born on September 17, 1935 in La Junta California, was raised in Springfield, Oregon.. He also was seen as an important wrestler at the University of Oregon and after he graduated he received the fred lowe scholarship from the University as well. With it he received an literary education from a graduate program at Stanford . In the 1960s, Kesey had worked in a psychiatric hospital ward as a janitor and had also participated in a experiment with the army testing the effects of mind altering drugs and wrote down the effects and experiences . Both of those exposures led to the writing of the book One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest and the book after Sometimes a Great Notion.…

    • 2043 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The novel The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison tells the story of Pecola Breedlove, a young African American girl in Ohio who faces great adversity as a result of her race, gender, and age. She wants nothing more than to have blue eyes, believing that they would make her beautiful and improve her quality of life. She lives in a small house with her mother, Pauline, her father, Cholly, and her brother, Sammy. In an excerpt titled “Battle Royal” from Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison, the narrator faces similar adversity as a result of his race. He is forced to fight in a Battle Royal against other African American men for the entertainment of a large group of white men after being invited to the event to give his graduation speech.…

    • 1251 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Literature is a curious thing, it allows an author to express themselves in any way they what. Whether they express themselves in a literal and direct way, or through indirect plot scenarios and ___ is up to the author. Herbert Gray Wells was an author who did just that. His works of science fiction resonated many common beliefs of his era.…

    • 1057 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Therefore, in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, Ken Kesey shows the mistreatment of mental patients, which is still a problem in today’s society. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest takes place in an Oregon insane asylum in the late 1950s or early 1960s. The Civil Rights Movement was in its prime during the time of this book. !! Setting. The central conflict of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest is the thirst of power leads…

    • 1277 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    W.E.B. Du Bois wrote The Comet with a prominent theme of successful miscegenation in order to alter the general population’s disapproval of interracial relationships during the 1920s. Using an ultimatum, the author proves to the reader that the opposing races will not be seen as equal, until the world ends- unless society comes to the realization that blacks and whites can live in harmony. As soon as the poor black man, Jim Davis, and the rich white woman, Julia, discover each other, they are faced with overcoming the stereotypes that were expressed during this time period. The differences of society’s treatment between the two races and social classes lead to the questioning of the idea of miscegenation: Is an equal relationship between a black and a…

    • 777 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The metaphor of machinery in Ken Kesey’s novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, shows the mechanization of society which suppresses individuality and free will. Kesey’s clever use of machinery as a metaphor that controls the patients on the ward identifies the problems of American society in the 1950s and 60s. The patients on the ward are victims of a society which demands conformity. The metaphor of machinery points out the rigidity of the system in which everyone should be a “functioning, adjusted component” (Kesey 36) and where there is no room for individuality. Bromden explains that the ward is a factory “for fixing up mistakes made in the neighborhoods and the schools and in the churches” (Kesey 36).…

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the film “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest” based on Ken Kesey’s book many characters are, or believe they are, suffering from a mental illness. From the movie, I would have trouble diagnosing the character Chief Bromden with a mental illness because he is not the focus of the movie; however, from reading the book I can easily say he suffers from schizophrenia and/or paranoid personality disorder (PPD). This is because in the book he is the narrator so the reader knows that he has real symptoms of these two disorders and meets the criteria for abnormality. To be considered “abnormal,” one must reflect at least one of the four D’s: dysfunctional, distress, dangerous, and deviant. In the book, it is obvious that the chief falls under the two…

    • 1036 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Lorraine Hansberry’s play, “A Raisin in the Sun”, is about an African American family, the Youngers, who are surrounded by poverty, racism, and family conflict. The Youngers aspire to give themselves a better life to ultimately pass that down to future generations. Their conflict comes into play when the family receives an insurance check for $10,000 and has split decisions on what to do with it. Hansberry’s play suggests that poverty is a symptom of racism by using characters that seem to be of the typical racial stereotypes, and a setting surrounded by racial concepts. This play uses the racial stereotypes of a mammy, jezebel, profligate as well as the racial concepts of institutionalized racism, internalized racism, intraracial racism, and…

    • 1325 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    McMurphy’s apparent madness or irrational behavior in Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest plays the important role in the novel of being the devil’s advocate highlighting the ills of the mental institutions of the 1960s. His eccentric behavior was despised by the Big Nurse and other authority figures at the mental institution, but McMurphy’s behavior might be judged reasonable if one considers the dehumanizing, sterile, hostage-like situation that the institute’s patients were subjected to on a daily basis. Furthermore, McMurphy 's “madness” not only drives the plot of this novel, but serves the purpose of showing how poorly equipped the institution was to assess and treat individuals suffering any type of distinguished mental disorder…

    • 1326 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    1.There are multiple mental illnesses portrayed in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest as the setting for the story is a mental institution. The narrator is a large Native American who feigns deaf and dumbness. This character is an excellent study in the evolution of a mentally ill individual along the path of finding a semblance of normalcy, although the phenomenon is the result of interactions with a decidedly psychopathic or sociopathic man, McMurphy, played by Jack Nicholson. Nicholson connives to be placed in a mental institution to avoid jail and throughout his antics we are offered an internal view of a form of mental illness more difficult to diagnose - psycho &/or sociopathy. The terms have been used interchangeably and even experts disagree…

    • 1500 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    The conflict in this story is racism and the author clarified this conflict by using racist words such as “Negro”, “Mulatto”: “When you say brown, do you mean he is a Negro?”, “So you’re mixed? , You are a mulatto!”(Hill). He also uses symbolism like Carole’s black doll to make it clear the discriminative behavior of people. It is also a metaphor when Mr. and Mrs. Norton are harassing Carole due to her doll is black and also her father is black: “That’s a Negro doll. That’s race.…

    • 1018 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays