Hectory Gyre Case Study

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The Beaufort Gyre, a major anticyclonic circulation feature in the Arctic Ocean, hosts a substantial fraction of the overall Arctic freshening citep{haine2015arctic}. The large-scale gyre circulation has been directly linked to its freshwater content (FWC) via the process of Ekman pumping that converges relatively fresh surface waters and deepens the halocline citep[e.g.][]{proshutinsky2002role}. The Ekman pumping arises due to transient anticyclonic winds that cause significant gyre variability on interannual and longer time scales. However, observations indicate that the halocline depth (roughly equivalent to the FWC) varies, but does not always mimic, the variability in the strength of the anticyclonic wind stress citep[e.g][]{proshutinsky2009beaufort,giles2012western}. Understanding and modeling the variability of the large-scale gyre circulation and the associated FWC remain a challenging problem.

egin{figure*} centering includegraphics[ trim={ 0cm 1cm 0cm 0cm}, clip,height=1.9in]{./schematic.pdf} caption{Conceptual representation of the mesoscale eddy field illustrating the persistence of eddies in time during the equilibration process (e.g. during an Ekman-driven spin up). Red eddies have statistical properties that correspond to the equilibrium state, while blue eddies correspond to an earlier equilibrium state. The
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In addition, they demonstrate that, due to eddies, a large-scale circulation viewed in an ensemble mean sense (i.e. averaged over small scale eddies and waves) is a stable dynamical system that equilibrates on a time scale controlled by eddy diffusivity. However, their conclusion relies upon the use of a conventional Gent-McWilliams (GM) eddy parameterization citep{gent1990isopycnal} that takes the eddy thickness fluxes to be proportional to the large-scale halocline thickness

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