“If access to modern energy services were an independent human right, obligations would be imposed on states, both at the national and international level.(FN94) In the most general sense, it is agreed that a state 's obligations in relation to human rights are threefold: to respect, to protect and to promote the right both nationally and internationally” ADDIN EN.CITE Bradbrook20083(Bradbrook, Gardam, & Cormier, 2008)3317Bradbrook, Adrian J.Gardam, Judith G.Cormier, MoniqueJournal of energy & natural resources law …show more content…
SudhakaraRenewable and Sustainable Energy ReviewsRenewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews198-21247AccessDevelopmentIndicatorModern energy20157//1364-0321http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032115002117http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.058(Reddy, 2015).
The Energy access database of IEA shows that the global electrification rate is 82% by taking the readings from National levels and aggregates it to get a global reading (2). Another study of the IEA shows that 38% of the population relies on Solid fuel (2). “Each year, 4.3 million premature deaths can be attributed to household air pollution resulting from the traditional use of solid fuels, such as fuelwood and charcoal” (1). According to World Energy Outlook of the IEA, globally over 1.3 billion people are unacquainted to the access to electricity and 2.6 billion people are without clean cooking facilities