Introduction
Cigarette smoking maximises the risk of numerous types of cancers, stroke, heart disease and various other medical conditions, for both active and passive smokers. It continues to be the most significant health risk behaviour to cause of death all over the world (World Health Organisation, as cited in Smerecnik, van Schooten, van Schayck, de Vries, & Quaak, 2011)
Although the risks of cigarette smoking are well-known and there is an abundance of intervention programmes aimed to aid smoking cessation, approximately 1.2 billion people still continue to smoke cigarettes (Smerecik et al., 2011). Helping smokers to quit is necessary and it is a positive aspect that there is a large amount of interventions available to assist. The …show more content…
The TTM suggests detailed influences and devices linked with accelerating changes by individuals (Huang, Wu, Huang, Chien & Guo, 2013). Specifically, it is a model that concentrates on the decision making process of the individual. TTM is grounded in a set of initial suppositions. Firstly, behavioural change is a practice that occurs in stages. Secondly, these stages are both static and exposed to change. Thirdly, planned behavioural involvements are required to aid individuals moving from earlier stages to later stages of action and maintenance and finally, without assistance and direction, people will stay stagnant at the early stages of change (Prochaska, Johnson, Lee, et al. as cited in Romano, …show more content…
As cited by Maddux & Rogers (1983) not only does self-efficacy expectancy considerably effect intentions to implement the recommended coping behaviour but it also demonstrated to be the most influential predictor of behavioural intentions. Research on TTM has revealed that the model gives a clear understanding on an approach to smoking cessation; however a majority of studies have exposed many limitations with its claims. TTM would benefit from precise definitions of concepts and superior standardisation of
Cigarette smoking maximises the risk of numerous types of cancers, stroke, heart disease and various other medical conditions, for both active and passive smokers. It continues to be the most significant health risk behaviour to cause of death all over the world (World Health Organisation, as cited in Smerecnik, van Schooten, van Schayck, de Vries, & Quaak, 2011)
Although the risks of cigarette smoking are well-known and there is an abundance of intervention programmes aimed to aid smoking cessation, approximately 1.2 billion people still continue to smoke cigarettes (Smerecik et al., 2011). Helping smokers to quit is necessary and it is a positive aspect that there is a large amount of interventions available to assist. The …show more content…
The TTM suggests detailed influences and devices linked with accelerating changes by individuals (Huang, Wu, Huang, Chien & Guo, 2013). Specifically, it is a model that concentrates on the decision making process of the individual. TTM is grounded in a set of initial suppositions. Firstly, behavioural change is a practice that occurs in stages. Secondly, these stages are both static and exposed to change. Thirdly, planned behavioural involvements are required to aid individuals moving from earlier stages to later stages of action and maintenance and finally, without assistance and direction, people will stay stagnant at the early stages of change (Prochaska, Johnson, Lee, et al. as cited in Romano, …show more content…
As cited by Maddux & Rogers (1983) not only does self-efficacy expectancy considerably effect intentions to implement the recommended coping behaviour but it also demonstrated to be the most influential predictor of behavioural intentions. Research on TTM has revealed that the model gives a clear understanding on an approach to smoking cessation; however a majority of studies have exposed many limitations with its claims. TTM would benefit from precise definitions of concepts and superior standardisation of