Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change addresses behavioral change on an individual level with the anticipated outcome that the individual experiences changes in attitudes, intentions, and behavior (Iwasiw and Goldenberg, 2015). Each stage is different, but the individual naturally moves back and forth between the stages during the change process. Before the individual entertains the idea that change is needed they are in the precontemplation stage, which leads into the contemplation stage that thoughts of benefits versus weaknesses is sparked and considered (Clark, 2013). Preparation is planning and prepping to implement specific change, and during the action stage the individual actively makes an effort to commit to the change (Iwasiw
