Massive Retaliation Argumentative Analysis

Improved Essays
America had a head start in the nuclear realm, and its political leaders would use it to their advantage to avoid another WWI or Korea. The way they attempted to accomplish was by creating numerous treaties with nations that surrounded USSR and China. This was Eisenhower’s administration’s diplomatic approach to stopping another Soviet influenced attack on the “Free World”. The second solution was to take advantage of the US technological prowess. The United States in the earlier 1950s and 1960s was leagues beyond the USSR in the ability to deliver, currently being dropped by large jet engine planes, nuclear arms, and had significantly larger stock pile of them as well. These solution lead to the development of a policy summarized as the US ability for “Massive Retaliation”. “Massive Retaliation” basically was the US way of stating that if the Soviet Union or China infringed on the sovereignty of what the US deemed as a part of the “Free World” the US would react by essential wiping them off the face of the earth. This policy was as a means of deterrence, and the thought of actually following through was far from actually every occurring. It was bluff used by the US to prevent USSR from any serious aggression. National security strategist, outside the executive administration, developed the idea that “limited wars” like Korea …show more content…
The next policy that the US would take would be called a “flexible response.” A “flexible response” basically describes the idea that US should maintain a tactical and strategic arsenal at all times in order to deter the USSR (and the Chinese) from using their own, and vice versa. It also called for the US and USSR to maintain conventional forces as well at all times. Lastly, it basically meant the US needed to be flexible in its ability to wage war in order to avoid total

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    As Kennedy and his managerial “whiz kids” took office, they challenged traditionally accepted policies and sought a wider range of diplomatic options. Significantly impacted by crises in both Berlin and Cuba, Kennedy and his acolytes deplored the dearth of Eisenhower’s military force alternatives. Very little diplomatic maneuvering room existed within massive retaliation’s “all or nothing construct.” Among Kennedy’s criticisms, Eisenhower’s nuclear policy rested upon the flawed fundamental premise that a thermonuclear war was winnable. After staring down the barrel of Armageddon, many in the administration, particularly Defense Secretary McNamara, came to agree with Eisenhower’s personally held belief deeming the offensive use of nuclear…

    • 882 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Nixon Containment Strategy

    • 1116 Words
    • 5 Pages

    However, now, there was evidence to support these concerns and just cause to make an adjustment. As was previously mentioned, public support was declining rapidly, and the Nixon administration knew a change needed to be made. Given the failure of NSC-68, the reasonable response from Nixon and Kissinger was to reverse U.S. policy back towards Kennan’s containment strategy, which would appease the concerns of the public and allow for some sense of order and restraint amongst international powers. The Nixon-Kissinger strategy was positioned around the belief that while the world is bipolar militarily (between the U.S. and Soviet Union), it was becoming increasingly multi-polar politically, where the biggest challenge for the U.S. would be adapting to this new international system (lecture). In Nixon and Kissinger’s opinion, this new international power structure meant that the U.S. needed to change how it interacted with other countries.…

    • 1116 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Cold War Dbq Analysis

    • 1044 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Following World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as the two superpowers. This created a rivalry between these two nations that became known as the Cold War. While the Cold War affected United States foreign policy, it also had a great effect on United States domestic policy and on American society. Such example existed between the spread of Communism, American fears and the efforts in the war. These various new policies created during the era of war crisis sets a framework on American’s way of living and their impact on home front.…

    • 1044 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Whether they were formally declared by the President or not, American has been involved in multiple wars over the course of its history. One war stands out as an outlier and unlike any war, the Cold War. This war was fought between two physical nations at odds but also two opposing ideologies. Very soon after World War II had ended in 1945, the Soviet Union showed no indication of allowing democracy to flourish in neighboring countries, specifically Poland and other Eastern European counties. This hindrance to democracy obviously did not line up with America’s values, considering it is a model of a democracy for other countries.…

    • 725 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Cold War Dbq Analysis

    • 898 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Document 3: War. A subject matter that isn’t that hard to understand, for example the definition according to google is, “a state of armed conflict between different nations or states or different nations or states or different groups within a nation or state.” This definition isn’t really that meaningful because it doesn’t say anything about how wars are started, how it affects society, economics, culture, and many other things. Although google gives a very broad definition of war, every war is different no matter what happens. Every war has started differently, different people dead, different consequences and historical background that has shaped the future of the world we live in.…

    • 898 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Indeed, quiz show provides a feeling of everyone has equal opportunities to win no matter what job, talent, class, gender or race they are through doing same quizzes. As Holmes has argued about Fiske's explanation of games and rituals, games separate out winners from contestants as different, but rituals bringing different individuals in same levels and implying commonality (2008, p.93). In Mastermind, rituals fill in that idea by reducing individual's differences and make them compete at same starting line as equal competitor. For example, the host askes each contestant's name, job and the specialist area they choose to do the quiz before they start to answer, and tells competitors that each of them have equal time to answer the quizzes which…

    • 300 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Massive Retaliation Dbq

    • 649 Words
    • 3 Pages

    When faced with a crisis the Eisenhower administration would have to drop a nuclear weapon or lose credibility. Losing credibility would be due to the fact that the United States did not own up to what they said. In what they said was that they would attack with a nuclear weapon if attacked. The United States would not like to lose credibility. But if they were to drop a nuclear weapon then that would mean conflict, small or large, and the conflict might eventually led to a nuclear conflagration between the United States and the Soviets.…

    • 649 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Julius and Ethel Rosenberg, Cold War Spies During the late 1940’s and the early 1950’s, America began to find themselves in the middle of fear as the Cold War began to approach. Tensions began to grow between the two nations of the United States and Soviet Union. These tensions lasted for roughly seven years, which lead to international episodes.…

    • 1132 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Under this system the United Status increased their nuclear weapons, which would contribute to deterring communism. At the same time, Eisenhower’s “New Look Strategy”…

    • 2393 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Atomic Bomb Dbq

    • 992 Words
    • 4 Pages

    As scientists were discovering new isotopes for a bigger and more powerful bomb, people waited frantically wondering what to expect in the event of a nuclear war. The United States laid its fate and security in the hands of influential men. For example “Internationally, Reagan purposefully engaged the Soviets in an arms race, whereby he and his advisors hoped U.S. technological and economic superiority would strain the Soviet…

    • 992 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Eisenhower Foreign Policy

    • 794 Words
    • 4 Pages

    By the end of World War II, only the Soviet Union and the United States were in a superior position. The Soviets only could boast of the Soviet army, which conquered Eastern Europe and militarily kept power. However, the United States not only became a superpower militarily, with a powerful army, navy, and air force, they were the only nation with nuclear weapons. Due to events at the time, the 3 presidents (Truman, Eisenhower, and Kennedy) all perceived the threat of the spread of Communism in their own way.…

    • 794 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The global conflict of World War II left deep internal scars on vast variety of different people. The decade of the 1930s, followed by twelve desperate years of the Great Depression, further intensified the social atmosphere. Americans ' involvement in World War II became the necessary factor which lifted the United States out of the Great Depression. The strong desire for renew prosperity motivated the social and economic patterns back at home. As the outcome of the Second World War was turning in Allied 's favor, millions of citizens celebrated for their nation 's victory.…

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    After the U.S. dropped nuclear bombs on Japan the Soviet Union felt that they need to create their own nuclear weapon to ensure that the U.S. would not use one on them. Then in 1949 the Soviet Union set off their first nuclear weapon. The Soviet Union’s nuclear bomb test scared America because now the U.S. was not the only one with a nuclear weapon and now it felt threatened. As a result of the Soviet’s test the U.S. started to produce more nuclear weapons under the idea of deterrence. “The stockpile of both the United States and the Soviet Union increased in a nuclear arms race as each sought to develop a deterrent to the other, involving a second-strike capability” (Carlisle).…

    • 1824 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    World War 2 was the most destructive human conflict in terms of lives lost. The stakes were high. Extreme violence and ideology created a scary landscape. The desperation in the war brought about the most destructive weapons ever seen by humanity. These nuclear weapons greatly changed the face of warfare.…

    • 808 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    The bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki drastically altered international politics by changing the scope and consequences of international warfare, as well as causing a widespread hysteria over the use of nuclear warfare that led to conflicts such as the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. On August 6, 1945, the world was changed forever. On that fateful day the United States plunged the world into the chaos of nuclear warfare by dropping the first nuclear bomb in world history. The bomb brought with it an absolutely unparalleled level of destruction to the Japanese city of Hiroshima. In less than a second, the lives of more than 100,000 people were brought to a sudden, fiery conclusion.…

    • 1888 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays

Related Topics