Around the turn of the 20th Century, W.E.B. Du Bois underwent a crisis of faith in his scientific approach to the eradication of racism. He became increasingly embittered with the ability of scientific methods to transform racial bias. Instead he began to think about racism and its roots as “forces or ideologies [which] embraced more than our reasoned acts,” or as "habits, conventions, and enactments (DuBois, 1997).” He observed that "the echo of this industrial imperialism in America was the expulsion of black men from American democracy, their subjection to caste control and wage slavery,” and that the white European Empire in America continued to dominate people of color because it had "political power built on economic control of labor, income and ideas (DuBois, 1997)." In essence, black interests were not being included in the Public Good due to the fragmentation and underrepresentation induced by the legacy of slavery. Membership in the American public was still controlled by white power brokers, forces which were habitually dismissive of the legitimacy of black
Around the turn of the 20th Century, W.E.B. Du Bois underwent a crisis of faith in his scientific approach to the eradication of racism. He became increasingly embittered with the ability of scientific methods to transform racial bias. Instead he began to think about racism and its roots as “forces or ideologies [which] embraced more than our reasoned acts,” or as "habits, conventions, and enactments (DuBois, 1997).” He observed that "the echo of this industrial imperialism in America was the expulsion of black men from American democracy, their subjection to caste control and wage slavery,” and that the white European Empire in America continued to dominate people of color because it had "political power built on economic control of labor, income and ideas (DuBois, 1997)." In essence, black interests were not being included in the Public Good due to the fragmentation and underrepresentation induced by the legacy of slavery. Membership in the American public was still controlled by white power brokers, forces which were habitually dismissive of the legitimacy of black