The Iliad Sparknotes

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Books I-III

The story of the Iliad starts 9 years into the Trojan War. The reason the Achaeans and Greeks were battling it out like schoolboys was over a girl, Helen of troy, formerly the bride of Menelaus, who had run away with the prince of troy, Paris, who was granted the love of the most beautiful woman at the time by Aphrodite, the goddess of love, on the condition the he declared her the paramount goddess. He did, and thus he was awarded the love of Helen. Menelaus declares war on the state of Troy because his wife left for another man, thus we end up on the eastern side of the Aegean Sea, where the story starts. The Greeks troops left a small contingent at troy and send the rest of the army around the surrounding coastline taking captives
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Thetis, with Hera and Athena’s support (For they had been angered by Aphrodite’s siding with the Trojan) takes Achilles request to heart, and goes to Zeus and asks him to send the Trojans a victory. Zeus then sends a malicious dream to Agamemnon, telling him that he should lead his soldiers in an attack against the Trojan army; he decides to test his men by telling them that they can go home on their own free will, unfortunately, to his surprise, his men take his word and start to leave. Odysseus, Agamemnon’s right hand man, is then inspired by Athena to rile the troops, the troops decide to stay with Agamemnon and assemble for battle. The Trojan army is led by Hector, son of King Priam, Menelaus marks Prince Paris as a target and in an act of cowardice, Paris goes behind the line of the Trojans and is goaded by Hector into facing Menelaus on the field of combat, the winner of the duel taking Helen and ending the war. Menelaus and Paris face off in battle, with Menelaus clearly getting the upper hand in his fight against Paris when Aphrodite, Paris’s guardian angel, takes him back to troy, Agamemnon, clearly angry, declares that Menelaus won the duel, and that Helen …show more content…
Zeus is on the side of Menelaus, saying that he won, Hera though, wished to see Troy ruined, nags Zeus until he agrees to activate the conflict again. He sanctions Athena to go down to the battlefield, dressed as a Trojan soldier, to convince the archer Pandarus to fire an arrow at Menelaus. Pandarus hits Menelaus in the nether regions, rekindling the war to the dishonor of the Trojans. The great Greek warriors Odysseus and Ajax kill many Trojans. Athena fights on the side of the Greeks, while Apollo sides with the Trojans. Pandaraus wounds the strong soldier Diomedes, with an arrow. Athena then awards Diomedes with superhuman strength, on the condition that he only attacks Aphrodite. Diomedes then, breaking his oath, goes on the kill the archer Pandaraus, as well as wounding the Trojan hero Aeneas. Aphrodite then goes to assist Aneas, when Diomedes strikes her in the wrist with a spear, spilling her immortal blood (Pride), Aphrodite flees to Olympus for treatment, where Zeus scolds her and tells her not to go back to the mêlée. Diomedes then attacks Apollo. Apollo calls Ares into the war to help the Trojans. With superior leadership, the Trojans start to rule the battle. Zeus then permits Hera and Athena to join the fray. Athen then tells Diomedes to attack Ares, Diomedes wounds Ares and causes him to flee. The Greeks begin to win the battle without the interference of the gods. Hector visits his family and

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