From the birthplace of humanity to the poorest continent in the world, Africa was the scene of a multitude of events that had definitely shaped its economy, its culture, and its political institutions. Before slavery and colonization Africa was a continent in rapid expansion. Africa had sophisticated empire like Egypt empire, Ghanaian empire, Mali empire, and Shongai empire. Those empires had a developed economic, social, and political system. With the trading activities with Arabs, some of those empires convert to Islam religion. This marked the introduction of a new culture in Africa. More, the slavery era contributed to numerous changes in Africa in terms of their economy, their culture, and their beliefs. Yet, the period that had a most
