Breaking Women is an ethnography piece by Jill McCorkel that speaks of how prisons changes over time given the War on Drugs movement, but she just doesn’t talk about men prisons. She talks about women prisons. She also mentions how race and gender affect the encounters women have in prison. The book starts off with McCorkel talking of how prisons use to be.…
5) In the book Resistance Behind Bars: The Struggles of Incarcerated Women, Victoria Law discusses the rising rate of incarcerated females and also the unfair treatment that women face while incarcerated that men do not. The author expresses her anger towards the overrepresentation of minorities in the prison system. Additionally, she addresses the fact that the number of females in prison is increasing at a faster rate than males (Law, 2012). One thing that this author mentions that the rest of my research has not, is the role police has played in the climbing incarceration rates.…
The truth about women in prison is nothing but a dark reality. Jenji Kohan’s Orange is the New Black is a popular television show in North America. The women in the show go through many obstacles, as the show carries out. Correctional officers often abuse their power, using their discretion for better or for worse. The common lifestyle of a female offender differs from those of their counter parts, commonly involving more obstacles.…
The correctional officers are required to develop a relationship with the inmates despite their principle of “never trust an inmate” (Griffiths, 2015, p. 255); this relationship helps them noticing signals and cues in the inmates behaviors to avoid any dangerous situation. Unfortunately some officers tend to abuse that relationship and authority for their personal gain. For the female offenders, they tend to have more needs like hygiene and psychiatric needs, some officers tend to take advantage of that especially the male ones. In June, a male officer was arrested due to sexually abusing two female inmates. Many female prisoners reported being abused, threatened and forced to have sex with the guards, and with the guards’ authority and power as well as the inmates’ mental state there rarely tend to be any consequences for the guards (Brown, 2016).…
Mental Health and Criminal Justice System The deinstitutionalization movement in the 1960s directly impacted the criminal justice system in Canada. The John Howard Society of Ontario (JHS) (2015) argues that the criminal justice system became a repository for those with mental health concerns because they found themselves in the community without adequate support and resources. Some common obstacles in the community include stigma, housing, employment, substance use as a means to self-medicate, and limited mental health services.…
Families and children are negatively impacted by the increased incarceration of women in America. “In the United States, there are more children with incarcerated parents than there are people in prison.” (Boudin, 2011) Women before incarceration, are frequently the heads of their households and have children that depend on them for financial stability and care. Studies show that the extended absence of incarcerated mothers from homes results in less stable environments for children when breadwinners are and children are left without support and guidance.…
. It can be and is important to note and decipher that causes of criminality cannot always be attributed to one identifiable or attributed cause as causes of criminality is multifaceted. For example, in striving to determine why women offenders face the onset of imprisonment and incarceration, feminist criminological theory asserts that women turn to crime and criminality as a result of inequality dominated by patriarchy. It can be suggested that women are marginalized within society as a result of pending and ongoing patriarchy. Women bear different challenges in terms of criminality and incarceration.…
“Assessing the Racial Climate in Women’s Institutions in the Context of Penal Reform” (2003) by Kristin Carbone-Lopez and Candace Kruttschnitt attempts to examine women’s perceptions of racial hostility in prison. The female prison population has exploded over the course of last 30 years. Our current knowledge of how women respond to imprisonment is sorely outdated. The dynamic of race relations has always played a key role in the social interactions in prison. While experts cannot agree on exactly how the penological landscape has changed over the past decade, they do agree on the occurrence of a new penal era.…
`The Trauma, Mental Health and Offending Histories of Women in Jail: Results of a Multi-State U.S. Study was a study funded by the bureau of justice assistances conducted by Joanne Belknap and her research team which consisted of four Ph.D. psychologists from a wide range of institutions and a team of brilliant graduate and undergraduate students from various universities as well. In the study the main research questions were addressing the following concepts: current lifetime prevalence of serious mental illness(SMI), lifetime exposure to violence and adversity(trauma), to what extent does serious mental illness co-occur with PTSD and substance use disorder(SUD), the level of impairment associated with serious mental illness in women offenders,…
Prisoners in a masculine penitentiary populations are accountable for considerable most of the severe offenses than feminine inmates, negating the concept that woman inmates are filtered more proficiently and as a result those who do go to penitentiary are more of a lawbreaker than their male counterparts. It is obvious that the variances amongst female and male correctional facilities are a result of the interaction among correctional institutional characteristics. The simplification that feminine offenders are turn out to be more like masculine offenders is not completely correct. In its place, it is better to say that masculine and feminine inmate subcultures are continuing to follow different lines of development. Therefore, the point of gender distinction in inmate subcultures has not automatically lessened over time.…
According to a study carried out by the Prison Reform Trust (2014) in UK, out of the 84,305 total prison population 3,826 were female offenders; a population…
When faced with the difficult reality of mass incarceration, and the high rates of women of color incarcerated in our federal prison system, we are often left wondering what we as mere college students can do. While our position against this unjust reality seems very small, one of the things we can do is provide educational resources to women of color in prison by donating our old books – whether these be our old college textbooks or any. There is very strong evidence out there that suggests that prisoners that are allowed access to education resources while in prison are more likely to thrive once released, and their chance of being re-incarcerated is lowered. In an interview with NPR following the Obama administration’s step toward expanding access of the Pell grant to adult prisoners, Lois Davis of the RAND corporation (a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges) said that education is the centerpiece of an effective re-entry into society, and a better way to spend our tax dollars: “Education is a relatively low-cost program you can provide to inmates. But, when you look simply at direct…
Background: Women who are incarcerated while pregnant, receive no birthing education while in most prisons in the United States. In many states, incarcerated women in labor are transported to the nearest birthing center and are shackled to the labor bed with one armed guard inside the room and another outside the door. They often labor alone because they are not allowed to have a support person. The nurse on duty, is the only form of support they depend upon. Unfortunately, evidence indicates that many of the nurses have a punitive attitude toward the incarcerated patient, resulting in inadequate care.…
Historically, female offenders were imprisoned in a different building within a male prison. Women had to deal with sexual abuse, physical abuse, lack of services, and inadequate privacy. Prison guards were usually male because the characteristics of a prison guard were to mean and strong something society thought women lacked. Male guards had little understanding of female offenders and therefore led to brutal punishment. In 1873, the first all-female prison in the Unites States opened up and was identified as the Indiana Women’s Prison.…
Many of the regulations in corrections institutes and practices are more developed through the outlook of managing men inmates not women inmates. Many of the policies and practices in prison do not pertain an understanding of the risk and needs of female inmates. Many of the empirical research originally focused on male inmates. One key factor in research study has revealed that gender difference were often ignored in assessment and classification procedures for women. (American Jail Association).…