.According to Driscoll, and Flynn, As Europeans settled the southern coast of Brazil during the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries hundreds of indigenous peoples, began living in the Amazonia, which sustained them for thousands of years. They hunted, fished, and gathered rubber and nuts for trade. They used sustainable methods of agraculture that did not negativly affect the environment. By the 1940s, overpopulation in southern Brazil had created major social problems. In 1960, the government decided to relocate the capital, Rio de Janerio, 1,000 kilometers (620 miles) inland, to the outskirts of Amazonia. At the same time, Brazil began the first several initatives to encourge families to take up small-scale farming in the rainforest,
