The number one rule is that the king is the most important piece. If the king can not escape capture the game ends. Secondly, pieces may only be moved to a space that is either unoccupied, or is occupied by an opposing player’s piece. Moving a piece to an occupied square is called capturing. When capturing a piece the capturing piece replaces the captured piece on the same square and the captured piece is removed from play. The king may not be captured. Instead of capturing the king you place it in check, check occurs when a king is under threat of capture on the opponent 's next turn, and must be declared. If the king is under check and it can not make a legal move to get out, this is called checkmate. Once a king is in checkmate the game ends. Continuing, if a pawn makes it to the end of the board it “promotes”. Promotion is required, and when it happens the pawn can either turn into a queen, a rook, a bishop, or a knight. The new piece replaces the pawn on the same square. Also every piece is placed on a specific spot on the board at the beginning of the game. Since the chessboard is an eight by eight grid, there are eight rows and eight columns. The rows are labeled 1-8 while the columns are labeled A-H. For the white side all of the pieces start on rows 1 and 2, while all the black pieces start on rows 7 and eight (See Figure 1). …show more content…
In fact, Chess has been forged by centuries of play and adaption. The common belief is that chess was developed as early as the 6th century BCE if not earlier. While the endurance of chess alone is warrant to study the game, its ability to span cultures, geography, and language barriers is what is truly surprising. To explore how this game became so widespread it is important to discuss its origins. There are many theories about when and where chess was originally invented, one such theory state that Han Xin, a Chinese general, created a proto-Chess based on the principles of Chinese board games Liubo, and Weiqi, otherwise known as go, combined with Chinese military tactics. Or that it evolved from the Indian game Ashtapada which dating back to the 5th century BCE. Yet another theory states that the game was designed not by one person but a multitude of people ranging from merchants on the silk road to “game enthusiasts” from the Kushan Empire which merged ideas from multiple Chinese and Indian game concepts. Although theories differ the silk road plays an important part in spreading the game in each. The silk road was able to spread Chess across Asia and eventually to