The first week of module two focused on the role and use of theory in research. Cresswell (2009) discusses the role of theory in the different types of research Quantitative, Qualitative and Mixed methods. The use of theory is varied depending on the type of research you are doing. In quantitiative research theory is tested as an explanation for the answers to research questions. Variables are introduced and the relationships between these variables are explored to form hypotheses, which is what the researcher expects to find. Creswell states “A theory is an interrelated set of constructs (or variables) formed into propositions, or hypotheses, that specify the relationship among variables (typically in terms of magnitude or direction)”
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Creswell (2009) states that theory in some instances it may be similar to quantitative used as a broad explanation of behavior and may have variables and hypotheses to be tested. It may also be used as a perspective or theoretical lens that provides an overall orientation for the research. Theoretical lenses are often based in theoretical perspectives such as feminist theory, Critical theory or Queer Theory and they shape the questions asked, the way data is collected and analayzed and provides a call for change. Theory can also become an end point in qualitative research, the data collected is used to build broad themes to form a theory. Theory can also be absent from qualitative research. Where theory is located in the research proposal depends on what way the theory is being used or if it is used at all, It can be an up- front explanation, an overall lens or an end point. In mixed methods research the uses of theory really depends on what type of research you are using at that time. It can be used as quantitative hypotheses testing, qualitative for developing emerging theory or as a theoretical lens to guide the study. Creswell (2009) also highlights a transformative design as first discussed by Green and Caracelli in 1997. This transformative design focuses on “value-based, action-oriented research”. (Creswell, 2009). The methods used are diverse and the focus is on solutions. The placement of theory in mixed …show more content…
The main point that Creswell (2009) made throughout the section was to anticipate ethical issues that will/may arise during the research. There are ethical considerations in all aspects of research from developing your research problem to writing an disseminationg the research. One of the biggest ethical considerations is the use of human subjects. In addition to the chapter in Creswell we also read Chapter one of Union Institute and University Institution Review Board Handbook for Research with Human subjects. The UI&I IRB handbook (2008) discusses the guiding principals for research with human subjects that came from the Belmont Report. The guiding prinicpals are: Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice. There were examples of research were these principals were not followed and what the effects were on the subjects. There was discussion of the Risk and benefits and how to weigh those and how they affect if your study would be acceptable and approved by the Institutional Review
Creswell (2009) states that theory in some instances it may be similar to quantitative used as a broad explanation of behavior and may have variables and hypotheses to be tested. It may also be used as a perspective or theoretical lens that provides an overall orientation for the research. Theoretical lenses are often based in theoretical perspectives such as feminist theory, Critical theory or Queer Theory and they shape the questions asked, the way data is collected and analayzed and provides a call for change. Theory can also become an end point in qualitative research, the data collected is used to build broad themes to form a theory. Theory can also be absent from qualitative research. Where theory is located in the research proposal depends on what way the theory is being used or if it is used at all, It can be an up- front explanation, an overall lens or an end point. In mixed methods research the uses of theory really depends on what type of research you are using at that time. It can be used as quantitative hypotheses testing, qualitative for developing emerging theory or as a theoretical lens to guide the study. Creswell (2009) also highlights a transformative design as first discussed by Green and Caracelli in 1997. This transformative design focuses on “value-based, action-oriented research”. (Creswell, 2009). The methods used are diverse and the focus is on solutions. The placement of theory in mixed …show more content…
The main point that Creswell (2009) made throughout the section was to anticipate ethical issues that will/may arise during the research. There are ethical considerations in all aspects of research from developing your research problem to writing an disseminationg the research. One of the biggest ethical considerations is the use of human subjects. In addition to the chapter in Creswell we also read Chapter one of Union Institute and University Institution Review Board Handbook for Research with Human subjects. The UI&I IRB handbook (2008) discusses the guiding principals for research with human subjects that came from the Belmont Report. The guiding prinicpals are: Respect for Persons, Beneficence, and Justice. There were examples of research were these principals were not followed and what the effects were on the subjects. There was discussion of the Risk and benefits and how to weigh those and how they affect if your study would be acceptable and approved by the Institutional Review