I think Jazz received with open arms, and obtained a lot of criticism at the same time. The Etymological Dictionary of Modern English defines it as “a number of niggers surrounded by noise”. The movement of the black people that tried to change people’s bias on jazz music receiving horrified resistance of the Intellectuals. The American composer Horatio Parker called jazz “naked African rhythm”. But it was common that one thing would be criticized when it first appeared, especially regarding to art. Charles S. Johnson defended jazz and stated 1920s has become “the Jazz Age”. However, this showed clearly jazz was very popular among the whole society at that time. Overall, I think people welcomed this new musical form although there were some
