We are in a new era of healthcare thanks to the advancement of genomics, advances in eHealth technologies and the increased ability to share knowledge via clinical information systems. Coupled with the increase in aging population, upsurge of chronic disease and major shifts in recent health care policy, the definition of “personalized care” is vastly expanding and diversifying. The antiquated “one size fits all” prescribing and treatment methods of current day medicine are no longer adequate. Therefore, in 2015, precision medicine was recognized by President Barack Obama as a key initiative for the United States and funded with a $250 million budget. Personalized medicine (or precision medicine) is an approach to detecting, managing and ultimately
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Doctors argued that current medical practice constitutes “personalize medicine” characterized through the relationships and “face time” clinicians have with their chronically ill patients (Juengst et al., 2016). However, in 2008, the U.S. President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology clarified that personalized medicine does not literally mean the invention of new drug therapies or medical gadgets but rather “the ability to classify individuals into subpopulations that differ in their susceptibility to a particular disease or response to a specific treatment” (Juengst et al., 2016, p. 23). The relabeling of personalized medicine to precision medicine indicated the conceptual shift from individualizing treatments for certain patients to using genomic profiling to tailor treatments for subpopulations. This represents a new paradigm shift.
Precision medicine employs vast amounts of clinical data, from genome sequences to electronic health records, to determine how drugs, treatments and therapies affect people in different ways. The clinical significance of the precision medicine model is that it goes a step further by overlying those factors with socioecologic and psychobehavioral characteristics. In other words, precision medicine is all about discovering the right treatment or drug for the “right patient, at the right time and discovery of factors contributing to protecting from common and complex diseases” (The White House,
Doctors argued that current medical practice constitutes “personalize medicine” characterized through the relationships and “face time” clinicians have with their chronically ill patients (Juengst et al., 2016). However, in 2008, the U.S. President’s Council of Advisors on Science and Technology clarified that personalized medicine does not literally mean the invention of new drug therapies or medical gadgets but rather “the ability to classify individuals into subpopulations that differ in their susceptibility to a particular disease or response to a specific treatment” (Juengst et al., 2016, p. 23). The relabeling of personalized medicine to precision medicine indicated the conceptual shift from individualizing treatments for certain patients to using genomic profiling to tailor treatments for subpopulations. This represents a new paradigm shift.
Precision medicine employs vast amounts of clinical data, from genome sequences to electronic health records, to determine how drugs, treatments and therapies affect people in different ways. The clinical significance of the precision medicine model is that it goes a step further by overlying those factors with socioecologic and psychobehavioral characteristics. In other words, precision medicine is all about discovering the right treatment or drug for the “right patient, at the right time and discovery of factors contributing to protecting from common and complex diseases” (The White House,