Informed consent has to be obtained for medical treatment or surgery whether the patient is a minor, competent adult, or incapacitated. When a patient is incapacitated, a person that is a power of attorney for the patient may give consent for medical treatment. A relative may also give consent for a patient, but not just any relative is able to give legal consent (Schub, 2015). When reviewing Texas law, informed consent may be given by the patient’s parents, children, or spouse; however there are limitations to what they are able to give consent. Surrogate decision-makers are not allowed to give consent on behalf of the patient for any psychiatric treatment when the patient is willing to obtain treatment or electro-convulsive treatment (Health
