Emission Of Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2, And PM0

Emission of Particulate Matter (PM10, PM2.5, and PM0.1) comprises a considerable fraction of urban air pollution (Laden et al. 2006, Shackleton et al, 2013). Long term exposure of airborne particulates matter is directly associated with post neonatal infant mortality (Laden et al. 2006), Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) (Tracey et al. 2006) and various disease conditions such as; cardiopulmonary, lung cancer (Pope III, 2002), atherosclerosis (Araujo, 2011) and asthma (Anderson et al., 2013). Ultrafine particles (PM0.1) can also change the alveolar macrophage functions with their toxic chemicals (Riddle, 2009). They can go into liver, spleen, kidney, and shockingly to the brain via olfactory nerves (Solomon et al., 2012 cited in Dover, 2015). Entering human blood stream ultrafine particulates can create systemic inflammatory changes which leads to complications in blood coagulability (Seaton et al. 1995). Trees are known to act as a sink for particulates matter. Therefore urban greening is a potential method of reducing traffic-generated particulates in atmosphere. However, there are several limitations; prevailing soil conditions, space utilization, availability of sunlight and size of the trees compare to the buildings in achieving urban greening by purely trees …show more content…
The emission levels are predicted to be increased after 2015 (DEFRA, 2007b) and exposure levels are higher for people within 100 m distance from the road (Zhu et al.,2002b). Therefore, the UK has given more attention towards the areas with high amount of traffic reported in urban greening (City of London Air Quality Strategy 2011-2015). Based on that, locations exposed to more traffic-generated pollution will be selected as experimental