Nikiforuk uses rhetorical strategies to argue a point and persuade the audience, non-scholarly individuals, to his claim. There are many methods used to achieve this. Starting in the introduction Canada is glorified for what it used to be known for, then that image is quickly contrasted with the now dark and damaged (or destabilized) country because of the developing tar sands. This introduction, which uses pathos (a quality that evokes pity or sadness) by using strong words to induce negative emotions, quickly gives the reader a sense of uneasiness with the tar sands even without yet having heard any of the facts. The use of pathos is seen throughout the article in the form of language choice and imagery to sway the reader to the author’s desired side.(give some pathos examples).…
Assignment Two – Research Treaty - Community Story The Aboriginal peoples who inhabited my region before the arrival of the Europeans were the Haudenosaunee. Today the community of the Six Nations of the Grand River is the largest First Nations reservation in Canada, “with a current population of approximately 13,000.” In English, this means “People of the Longhouse” but the Haudenosaunee go by many names such as the Iroquois or Six Nations. The Past…
Jimmy Carter writes, “tearing open the heart of our greatest refuge,” to describe what industrialization will do to the Arctic National Wildlife refuge. The general argument in Carter’s forward is that this Arctic refuge should not be developed for industry. First, he uses facts and evidence to build his claim. Then he uses word choice and imagery to support his argument. His purpose is to persuade his audience that development will have negative consequences for the Arctic refuge, in order to protect this unique awe inspiring wildlife refuge.…
Neal McLeod’s “Rethinking Treaty Six” focuses on the creation and results of Treaty Six while documents 2.3, 2.5, 2.6 and 2.7 in Keith Smith’s Strange Visitors focuses on Treaty 7; both accounts highlight how there are different views of the treaties impact depending on the document and party involved. Written accounts were from the British perspective who imposed regulations while oral accounts were from Indigenous people who had to endure dire conditions following the treaties. Smith’s primary documents outline the articles in Treaty 7, the consequences that Indigenous people faced and oral accounts of the events. McLeod focuses on the need to reexamine history and the importance of understanding past events from an Indigenous perspective;…
Throughout the course so far, I have been able to gain a greater understanding of the First Nations peoples culture. As the course progresses it is noticed that as we keep going further into the past of the First nation's people, it keeps building on itself, due to the fact that there has been so much history covered up. Through the pieces of the literature studied in class, such as the novel Indian Horse by Richard Wagamese and the poem seven matches by Gord Downie and Jeff Lemire, I have been able to determine how the four major themes within the course, identity, sovereignty, relationships, and challenges are a part of the First Nations culture's past. The First Nations people are struggling with these themes, but are in a pace now where they are working to fix their broken past.…
1. According to Hollands, what is problematic about many studies of Native youth in Canada? (3) According to Hollands, what is problematic about many studies of Native youth in Canada are they focus on a small portion of the Native life and and misinterpret the actual lifestyle of the Native life.…
In this article, Lee Maracle discusses how Native people handle situations with enemies, paths to take in life, education and the laws of the land. Maracle begins with discussing her personal life, "I sought the teachings of my grandmother" (36) to enhance the reader's understanding of the complexity of Native people inheriting and learning everything from their elders. This information then gets expanded on when Maracle discusses the importance of decision making and how someone has to use "self-determination... when our own people are making decisions." (37) Maracle then furthers her discussion of life paths with the discussion of education systems and educating on traditions, laws, and values for young children. She discusses the difference…
In the articles, the authors highlight important notions such as “sovereignty,” “recognition,” “separateness,” “domestic dependent nations,” “dominate the physical space,” “reform the minds,” and “absorb the economic”. The authors argue that the legal and juridical sovereignty of American Indian provides them with the right to maintain and protect their traditional distinct political and cultural communities. In this pretext, to deal with the growing environmental problems at an alarming level, the tribal governments have inherent and statutory right to set their own environmental standards to meet the emerging environmental challenges. These challenges are serious threats to their socio-cultural, economic, politicolegal, spatial, and temporal…
Interpretation of Kent Monkman’s Shame and Prejudice: A Story of Resilience Monkman’s exhibit is a demonstration of the narrative of relations between the Canadian government and Indigenous peoples, implying much of what he is trying to convey with the title of the collection. Each piece is interconnected and has some relevance to the story of Indigenous culture and its survival of the state’s attempts to assimilate or destroy the history and ways of life of the many Indigenous groups within what is now considered Canadian borders. The discourse that surrounds this narrative is one which has begun to bubble up more in popular Canadian culture; the rejection of Canada 150 and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission are both examples of how many…
What does the current model of Indigenous “self-government” in Canada offer to First Nations? Using an example (such as Nunavut), examine the pros and cons of this model and how this does/does not provide an opportunity for First Nations to become healthy, sustainable, and self-sufficient. Self-government is the cornerstone of the Inuit policy goals in the Nunavut region. While self-government is an important goal, the idea is intricately linked to other goals such as land claims settlements, cultural preservation, and economic development; goals which the people of Nunavut are finding very hard to meet (Nowland-Card, 41). Indigenous people were self-governed long before Europeans arrived in Canada, but in 1876, the Indian Act came into…
The short story “Abitibi Canyon” by Joseph Boyden consists of several important principles of Indigenous people that I would like to make connections in three different ways. The connections I have chosen are issues that I learned in school, hear of and personally encountered with. Making connections from prior knowledge deepens people’s understanding of problems that others may deal with on a daily base. In today’s society, it is human nature to judge others by their actions and appearance without realizing that they are doing so. For the past couple of weeks, I have been watching Tell My Story, Blind Date, which is a series of YouTube videos by SoulPancake that make videos of things that they think matter, and the specific video…
Monchalin Chapter Four Reading Reflection In chapter four of The Colonial Problem: An Indigenous Perspective on Crime and Injustice in Canada, Monchalin addresses the presence of colonialism in the past as well as its presence today. Monchalin describes how various doctrines such as the Doctrine of Discovery were created as a means of establishing settler dominance over Indigenous communities. Multiple individuals, including Tomas Hobbs and John Locke developed theories that worked to justify the colonization of Indigenous persons. By framing Indigenous persons as “nasty” and “brutish” Hobbes reveals that they are in need of guidance from Europeans to become civilized (Monchalin 66).…
Through the progression of this course, various aspects of history were viewed, in addition to concepts that are still associated to the lives of Aboriginal peoples today. While carrying some previous, biased knowledge on the topics discussed, First Nations Studies allowed the development of many ideas as well as the differing perspectives on each. Via the use of assorted reading selections, tutorial discussions, guest speakers, lectures, and a variety of other forms, I was able to take away a unique understanding, different to the one I had prior, which in turn educated me on Indigenous communities. This course attempted to bypass the anger that has been accumulated over the years, and portray information in order to avoid further issues…
Overall, Stretten’s argument is only effective in making people aware of her feelings but not effective in representing the community. Because of her lack of credibility and overly hostile language towards the audience, Stretten does not persuade the audience to modify their outlook on Native American culture and how the audience “honor” this community.…
The contrast between indigenous people and those who voluntarily arrived by ship has been emphasized more than commonalities constructing the “ecological Indian” as a pinnacle or at the least something that “Man…” is not. The hunting practices employed by many indigenous tribes was ritualistic in nature with a right and wrong methodology to utilize (Krech 129), however, colonizers would question these practices with regards to buffalos in comparison to the European “proper” and “sporting” methods of hunting (Krech 130). Additionally, the prioritization of economic security over environmentalist concerns can be understood as very human, but increased pressure and scrutiny from outside of a reservation is placed on indigenous populations because they have been held up to the standard of an “ecological Indian” (Krech 226-227). This is another example of a socially constructed “fundamental truth” because these criticisms do not acknowledge the history that forced the tribal leaders to choose between two detrimental…