Congestive heart failure (CHF) is a stage of cardiac disease initiated because of a myriad of insults to the heart which impairs its inability to pump enough blood for the human physical structure. The prevalence of CHF has increased in the past few years due to longevity of the patient population and to improved survival from acute cardiac disease such as myocardial infarction (MI). Recent studies suggest new sources which have been shown to take part in the pathophysiology of CHF. These new causes include inflammatory mechanisms associated with lectin complement pathway, mannose-binding lectin (MBL), along with carotid body chemoreceptors which play a central role in sympathoexitatory conditions. A new approach to early diagnosis, along with
