Volcanoes are deep vents in the earth that allow magma, volcanic gases, volcanic ash, and other volcanic material to come to the surface of the earth from magma chambers during eruption. Volcanoes exist because the earth’s crust is split into seventeen major tectonic plates, and they occur when two tectonic plates converge, and magma rises. The hole in the earth, also known as a vent, goes down into a central vent which is beneath the summit crater. At a deep depth, but is widely unknown, a magma chamber holds all of the eruption material, which is at a temperature between seven hundred and one thousand three hundred degrees Celsius. The molten rock eventually rises to the surface because on temperature, density, and pressure differences.
