Introduction
In what is perhaps one of the most iconic scenes in film history, Darth Vader, and Luke Skywalker, engage in an ultimate battle, with lightsabers drawn and clear animosity between the two. In a surprising twist, Darth Vader reveals himself as Luke’s father, with a quote recognizable even to those who have never seen the movie; “Luke, I am your father”. Except….he actually didn’t say that. According to the March 31st, 2016 article on techly.com, we have been deceived! Darth Vader never says “Luke I am your father”, but rather “no, I am your father”. Crazy, right? snopes.com on July 24th, 2016 explains this is one of hundreds of examples of a phenomenon called “The Mandela Effect, the Collective misremembering of a fact or event. …show more content…
CNN on February 6th, 2015 explains, Clinton’s claims of being under sniper fire when visiting Bosnia as first lady in 1996, and Mitt Romney’s claims to be at a parade at the age of 4 that actually occurred nine months before he was born, are way too weird just to be flat out lies. Causes of the Mandela Effect are found on two levels: memory formation and overconfidence. Initially, as much as reddit users would like to conclude that the Mandela Effect is evidence of multiple realities, most neuroscientist would be inclined to disagree. Dr. Charlotte Russel of the King’s College in London and Dr. Daniel Glaser, neuroscientist and Observer Magazine columnist explain in a podcast uploaded on the guardian on January 29th, 2017 how memories are formed. In memory systems, such as computers, the cloud, or even file cabinets, there is a one to one relationship, meaning that each single bit of memory information is in one physical bit of the memory system. However, biology isn’t like that. In the human brain, memories are distributed among a network of neurons. Doctor Russel explains, memory formation occurs in three stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Think of a computer. The keyboard would represent encoding, the disk would represent storage, and the monitor would represent retrieval. Professor David G. Myers writes in his textbook Exploring Psychology published in 2014, forgetting can occur at any memory stage. We filter, alter, or lose much information during these stages. While tapping our memories, we filter or fill in missing pieces of information to make our recall more coherent. This memory lost and replacement is most definitely one of the causes of the the Mandela Effect. Second, the Mandela Effect is caused by overconfidence in our memory. According to a study conducted by the American Psychological
In what is perhaps one of the most iconic scenes in film history, Darth Vader, and Luke Skywalker, engage in an ultimate battle, with lightsabers drawn and clear animosity between the two. In a surprising twist, Darth Vader reveals himself as Luke’s father, with a quote recognizable even to those who have never seen the movie; “Luke, I am your father”. Except….he actually didn’t say that. According to the March 31st, 2016 article on techly.com, we have been deceived! Darth Vader never says “Luke I am your father”, but rather “no, I am your father”. Crazy, right? snopes.com on July 24th, 2016 explains this is one of hundreds of examples of a phenomenon called “The Mandela Effect, the Collective misremembering of a fact or event. …show more content…
CNN on February 6th, 2015 explains, Clinton’s claims of being under sniper fire when visiting Bosnia as first lady in 1996, and Mitt Romney’s claims to be at a parade at the age of 4 that actually occurred nine months before he was born, are way too weird just to be flat out lies. Causes of the Mandela Effect are found on two levels: memory formation and overconfidence. Initially, as much as reddit users would like to conclude that the Mandela Effect is evidence of multiple realities, most neuroscientist would be inclined to disagree. Dr. Charlotte Russel of the King’s College in London and Dr. Daniel Glaser, neuroscientist and Observer Magazine columnist explain in a podcast uploaded on the guardian on January 29th, 2017 how memories are formed. In memory systems, such as computers, the cloud, or even file cabinets, there is a one to one relationship, meaning that each single bit of memory information is in one physical bit of the memory system. However, biology isn’t like that. In the human brain, memories are distributed among a network of neurons. Doctor Russel explains, memory formation occurs in three stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Think of a computer. The keyboard would represent encoding, the disk would represent storage, and the monitor would represent retrieval. Professor David G. Myers writes in his textbook Exploring Psychology published in 2014, forgetting can occur at any memory stage. We filter, alter, or lose much information during these stages. While tapping our memories, we filter or fill in missing pieces of information to make our recall more coherent. This memory lost and replacement is most definitely one of the causes of the the Mandela Effect. Second, the Mandela Effect is caused by overconfidence in our memory. According to a study conducted by the American Psychological