The ureters are approximately 10 to 12 inches long running on the left and right sides of the body and parallel to the vertebral column (Tomić et al, 2015). In the walls of the ureters smooth muscle contractions known as peristalsis and the influence of gravity causes urine to move to the urinary bladder. The ureters extend slightly at their ends into the urinary bladder through vesical ureter valves that prevent flowing back of urine to the kidneys.
Urinary bladder. The urinary bladder resembles a sac-like hollow organ. It is used to store urine. It is located at the pelvis’ inferior end. When urine enters the urinary bladder from the ureters, it slowly fills the hollow space of the bladder thus stretching its flexible walls (Stamoulos et al, 2005). The walls of the bladder permit it to stretch to hold approximately from 600 to 800 milliliters of urine.