Godden And Baddeley Case Study

Great Essays
Register to read the introduction… In addition, we will examine whether lack of perceptual cues in the environment affects recall. Therefore, this study intends to look at the importance of contextual cues in memory recall and aims to further examine the findings of Godden and Baddeley by asking a group of 75 adult participants to memorise a group of random words in one of three …show more content…
• Condition 1 is where the participant learns the words in the same location as they will recall them. • Condition 2 is where the participant learns the words and then is asked to recall them in a different location. • Condition 3 is where the participant learns the words in the same location as they will recall them (as in Condition 1), however, they will have their eyes closed for the recall part in order to investigate whether lack of perceptual cues affects recall.

The results can then be analysed and compared in line with Godden and Baddeley’s
…show more content…
In Condition 2, 25 participants will learn a group of 30 unrelated non-associative words in one environment (same as condition 1) for 2 minutes and then recall them for 2 minutes in a different environment, which will be outside. There will be a delay of 2 minute between learning and recall.

4. In Condition 3, 25 participants will learn a group of words in one environment and recall them in the same environment (as in condition 1) but with their eyes closed. There will be a delay of 2 minutes between learning and recall.

5. The reasons for carrying out the experiment will be explained to the participants but not the experimental hypothesis.

6. Each participant will be debriefed at the end of the experiment & given the opportunity to ask any questions.

7. If the participants do not wish to continue with the experiment or wish to withdraw their consent, they will be permitted to do so.

8. Participants will be given a number in order to protect their anonymity.

9. The amount of words recalled correctly will be recorded in each

Related Documents

  • Decent Essays

    Stanely Milgram was a social phycologist who conducted an experiment in 1963 about nonviolent people being capable of hurting others due to obeying the authority under pressure despite their feeling of remorse. The way the experiment received progression was by having people play the role of a teacher and a learner. The teacher obeys the authority and the learner had to memorize a certain amount of words. If the learner failed to the duty, he would received a punishment of a dose of high voltage shock. Although the purpose of the experiment was to test how the learner was capable of learning, it to was to test the capability of the teacher to continue the experiment whether or not they felt guilt.…

    • 456 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Inspired by the horrific acts committed by thousands of seemingly “normal” individuals during the Holocaust, Stanley Milgram set out to discover the causes and triggers of unquestioning obedience. He inquired why so many people from uneventful backgrounds followed orders from the most tyrannical and prejudice leader ever facing this world. Basing his theory from that of a grade school friend and famous situationist—Philip Zimbardo—Milgram began to explore the possibility of a situation to force a person to act in opposition of their deepest values and morals. His curiosity resulted in the perpetually debated Milgram Obedience Experiments.…

    • 919 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In the research article “Top-Down Processes Override Bottom-Up Interference in the Flanker Task,” written by Rotem Avital-Cohen and Yehoshua Tsal, it is explained that top down processing is key to being successful in the flanker task. Avital-Cohen and Tsal hypothesized the probability that the brain uses top-down processing when dealing with various distractors, which are stimuli different than what participants are supposed to be paying attention to. These experiments provide evidence to a variety of subsets of top-down processing. Using the topics learned in lecture, it is easy to comprehend the data within the article. Looking at both of the experiments in the article, our understanding of top-down processing can be enhanced, particularly…

    • 1047 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Briefly (2-3 sentences) summarize the pattern in your results. Did you follow the expected pattern? If not, why do you think that is so? The pattern I noticed during the practice trial 1 was to go through and say the colors of the words which was simple and quick.…

    • 440 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Great Essays

    Joseph Henry Case

    • 1677 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Joseph Henry is a 16 years 10 month old Caucasian male currently in 11th grade at St Peter’s Prep, NJ. He was referred by his mother, Ms. Rosemarie Henry with concerns in the area of attention, academic performance, and emotional well-being. A neuropsychological evaluation was conducted for the purpose of identifying and clarifying diagnoses and establishing treatment recommendations. Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment of Joseph Henry reveals a pattern of dysfunction associated with a right cerebral hemisphere locus, as well as evidence of frontoparietal networks and subcortical dysfunctions. The pattern is consistent with both predisopsed non-verbal difficulties as well as difficulties associated with diffused axional injury, commonly…

    • 1677 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In comparison, recalling memory can be an extremely complicated process; not only the memory of the fact itself, but also ways of interpreting the memory are required to recall memories. Especially when interpreting…

    • 504 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    HS Students. Two classrooms were used for the treatment with music and two classrooms were used for the control groups. A test on vocabulary consisting of 10 words was given to two of these classrooms where the vocabulary words are provided prior to the test to see if music will affect the student’s memory. No name was required to be written on the tests, of course. Classical music was played during the entirety of the experiment.…

    • 1094 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Chan, Thomas, and Bulevich (2009) demonstrate how easily is to shape and change the person’s memory. Chan, Thomas, and Bulevich hypothesized that when someone takes an immediate test it may reduce the likelihood to be influenced to misinformation. The researchers were inspired by Loftus misinformation effect study; known as Loftus’s misinformation paradigm. Chan, Thomas, and Bulevich (2009) believed that when someone is exposed to immediate recall testing people should be able to enhance retention of what the witness had seen which would reduce the likelihood to be influenced to misinformation. For instance, those who have received misinformation are less likely to remember than those who did not received the misinformation.…

    • 596 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The paper evaluates research article that discusses current research of how bilingual advantages in executive function depend on characteristics of the participants and features of the tasks. Compared with monolinguals, bilinguals show superior performance in versions of such tasks as the Simon task, Stroop task, and flanker task. All these tasks require resolving conflict from distracting cues, switching efficiently between types of trials, and maintaining rules in working memory, all components of executive functioning system. Three main questions considered in the research.…

    • 1000 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    There was an informed consent, the participants came voluntarily and were informed that they could withdraw from the experiment at any given time, however, the original hypothesis and reason for experiment was not told to the participants. Milgram sat his 40 participants in a laboratory setting, with actors in another room and the participants, who were all male. The participants were initially told that the experiment was about the effects of punishment on memory, the psychologist instructed the participants to administer an amount of voltage shock to the person in the next room if they had not remembered the sequenced they were supposed to. The actor would incorrectly say the sequence and the participant would have to administer the shock, each incorrect answer would make the participant administer a higher voltage. Even though the actor was not administered any voltage and some of the participants wanted to leave, Baumrind (1964) criticized his work by stating that the participants did not leave as they were under pressure by the examiner, as they would say when the participant was too reluctant or failed to continue, “It is absolutely essential that you continue” (Milgram, 1963, p. 374).…

    • 1653 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Milgram Experiment

    • 888 Words
    • 4 Pages

    In the scholarly article, “ Behavioral Study of Obedience” written and conducted by Stanley Miller, an experiment was performed to see if a group of amenable participants, named subjects, were willing to provide electrical shocks to another person, the experiment tested how far down the severity of shocks the subject would administer to the victim. The question is would being in the position of control and having a feeling as if the subject cannot leave, makes shocking another person justifiable? To begin the experiment, a total of 40 male subjects all ranging within age, education levels, and different races participated in what they thought was a “Study of memory and learning at Yale University” (Milgram, 2). To make the experiment as…

    • 888 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Milgram Experiment In the 1960s, Stanley Milgram (1993-1984) began an experiment that would test to see how obedient people would be no matter the circumstances. One experiment Milgram performed consisted of volunteers shocking someone they did not know if he or she did not answer a question correctly. As the questions are answered incorrectly, the voltage would rise. Unknown to the volunteer, the subject that is being shocked is an actor that is not being electrocuted, and the volunteer was the subject of the experiment. As the experiment continued, the volunteers began to become stressed (Taylor, Peplau, & Sears, 2005, p. 228).…

    • 788 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Our experiment examined how modality and word type could affect false recall in a word list paradigm. Manipulating modality (auditory and visual presentation) and word type (concrete and abstract) has never been studied in relation to false recall. We predicted that the word lists that were presented aurally and/or contained concrete terms would show higher rates of false recall for the critical lure words. Approximately, 24 undergraduate students took part in the study. The participants were presented with 12 word lists that were associated with 6 concrete lures, and 6 abstract lures.…

    • 2168 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Introduction Sleep is an important component for maintaining, sustaining, and optimizing academic performance. Different lifestyle needs fluctuate the amount of sleep between individuals and often led them to attain inadequate sleep. Sufficient sleep has been linked to the enhancement of emotional and social function, whereas insufficient sleep reduces cognitive function and negatively affects academic readiness (Deuster & Yarnell, 2016). Researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles have collected data on performances based on sleep patterns on participants through a series of tests known as the Computer Memory Interference Test (CMIT).…

    • 882 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Short Term Memory Essay

    • 1556 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Do you ever remember doing or seeing something, and wonder to yourself how on earth did I remember that? Well, in this paper I will try to help you get a better understanding. I will explain how things you do, see, or hear become a memory. I will also discuss long term and short term memory along with why and what makes you forget. There will also be a page about amnesia , and the different systems and types of memories.…

    • 1556 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays