How countries achieve development can be a contentious issue. According to the United
Nations Millennium Development Goals established in September 2000, the five most important factors that lead to a country’s development are, in the following order: eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality and empowering women, reducing child mortality, and improving maternal health. These goals, adopted by the international community, recognize specific targets required to develop as a country. The third most pressing issue, gender equality and female empowerment, is especially important to scholars in the field of gender studies. The financial aspects of a woman’s life, productively, theoretically, …show more content…
Acosta-Belén and Bose add that there lies another disparity within First and Third
World countries: “While First World nations constitute only one-fourth of the world 's population they receive four-fifths of the incom (Brandt Report 1980). Acosta-Belén and Bose claim the basis for this imbalance of power begins during the colonial era. Before the invasion of Western countries, women’s participation in production was close to parallel, rather than subservient, to men’s for a very long time, as scholars observed in pre-industrial societies. When Europeans imposed their traditional patriarchal relationships, women native to the country were deprived of the property, personal autonomy, productive function, and public roles they had prior to colonization (Acosta-Belén and Bose 1990, p. 306). The scholars point out, along the lines of
Danish economist Esther Boserup in 1970, these systems remained after gaining independence as neocolonial relations or “internal colonialism,” as Robert Blauner defined in 1972. From then on, women in post-colonial countries are placed in positions of dependency by those …show more content…
The TEA index (total early-stage entrepreneurial index) measured the percentage of women entrepreneurs between the ages of 18 and 64 involved in starting a business as 4.83 percent for South Africa, a figure below the the average of 7.72 percent as calculated for all countries. In a synthesis of many scholars’ definitions of “woman entrepreneur,” Chinomona and Tafadzwa Maziriri define her as, “the female front-runner of a business who takes the initiative of introducing a new venture, who accepts the associated risks, and who is effectively responsible of its day-to-day activities” (p.
839). From defining female entrepreneur and quantifying her deficit in the Gauteng province, the scholars begin to recognize the specific challenges they face. The Parliament of South Africa
(1994) indicated that poverty, inequality, and unemployment have been identified as the three most serious limitations to South Africa’s economic development and that these constraints affect females more than males. More specifically, the Chinomona and Maziriri quote scholar
Valla (2001) in the discovery that the unwillingness of South African banks to give credit,
Nations Millennium Development Goals established in September 2000, the five most important factors that lead to a country’s development are, in the following order: eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality and empowering women, reducing child mortality, and improving maternal health. These goals, adopted by the international community, recognize specific targets required to develop as a country. The third most pressing issue, gender equality and female empowerment, is especially important to scholars in the field of gender studies. The financial aspects of a woman’s life, productively, theoretically, …show more content…
Acosta-Belén and Bose add that there lies another disparity within First and Third
World countries: “While First World nations constitute only one-fourth of the world 's population they receive four-fifths of the incom (Brandt Report 1980). Acosta-Belén and Bose claim the basis for this imbalance of power begins during the colonial era. Before the invasion of Western countries, women’s participation in production was close to parallel, rather than subservient, to men’s for a very long time, as scholars observed in pre-industrial societies. When Europeans imposed their traditional patriarchal relationships, women native to the country were deprived of the property, personal autonomy, productive function, and public roles they had prior to colonization (Acosta-Belén and Bose 1990, p. 306). The scholars point out, along the lines of
Danish economist Esther Boserup in 1970, these systems remained after gaining independence as neocolonial relations or “internal colonialism,” as Robert Blauner defined in 1972. From then on, women in post-colonial countries are placed in positions of dependency by those …show more content…
The TEA index (total early-stage entrepreneurial index) measured the percentage of women entrepreneurs between the ages of 18 and 64 involved in starting a business as 4.83 percent for South Africa, a figure below the the average of 7.72 percent as calculated for all countries. In a synthesis of many scholars’ definitions of “woman entrepreneur,” Chinomona and Tafadzwa Maziriri define her as, “the female front-runner of a business who takes the initiative of introducing a new venture, who accepts the associated risks, and who is effectively responsible of its day-to-day activities” (p.
839). From defining female entrepreneur and quantifying her deficit in the Gauteng province, the scholars begin to recognize the specific challenges they face. The Parliament of South Africa
(1994) indicated that poverty, inequality, and unemployment have been identified as the three most serious limitations to South Africa’s economic development and that these constraints affect females more than males. More specifically, the Chinomona and Maziriri quote scholar
Valla (2001) in the discovery that the unwillingness of South African banks to give credit,