Self-efficacy concerns with perceived self-efficacy of an individual in managing his/her own life circumstances (Ahearne, Mathieu, & Rapp, 2005; Fernandez-Ballesteros et al., 2002; Hecht & Allen, 2005; Judge & Bono, 2001). Slightly different, Riggs and Knight (1994) point out that self-efficacy refers to individual judgments of the consequences that work performance is expected to produce (p.755). Similar to Riggs and Knight, R. Wood and Bandura (1989) define self-efficacy as beliefs in one’s capabilities to mobilise the motivation, cognitive resources, and courses of action needed to meet given situational demands (p.408). On the other hands, G. Chen et al. (2001) define self-efficacy as general self-efficacy which refers to individuals’
…show more content…
These components have been described by various scholars. Physical risk- psychological safety relates to the of feeling safety of an employee and deals with physical risk conditions, such as noise, physical hazard and etc. (Amponsah-Tawiah et al., 2013). Team-psychological safety relates to an employee’s feeling as a member of a team and not being rejected, embarrassed or punished by other members of the team when he/she speaks up (Edmondson, 1999). Energy psychological safety refers to safety-perceived feeling of employees which comes from the involvement and support of their co-workers and supervisor (Al-Refaie, 2013; Babin & Boles, 1996; Gibson & Gibbs, 2006; May et al., 2004). In other words, energy psychological safety relates to employee safety feeling when he/she gets support from his/her managers/supervisors and co-workers. Finally, employment equity psychological safety is a psychological safety in the specific contexts, such as discrimination based on religious belief, ethnicity or gender (Feild & Holley, 1982; Ghumman, Ryan, Barclay, & Markel, 2013; Heslin, Bell, & Fletcher, 2012; Makin & Winder, 2008). Whilst prior studies have examined the components of psychological safety, these previous studies have overlooked the link between psychological safety’s components. Hence, we argue that the literature on psychological safety remains fragmented on its theoretical dimensionality. Moreover, the field of psychological safety is still in its embryonic stage and prior studies are yet to integrate the dimension of employment equity (e.g. employment equality, discrimination, equal opportunities etc.) in their conceptualization of psychological
These components have been described by various scholars. Physical risk- psychological safety relates to the of feeling safety of an employee and deals with physical risk conditions, such as noise, physical hazard and etc. (Amponsah-Tawiah et al., 2013). Team-psychological safety relates to an employee’s feeling as a member of a team and not being rejected, embarrassed or punished by other members of the team when he/she speaks up (Edmondson, 1999). Energy psychological safety refers to safety-perceived feeling of employees which comes from the involvement and support of their co-workers and supervisor (Al-Refaie, 2013; Babin & Boles, 1996; Gibson & Gibbs, 2006; May et al., 2004). In other words, energy psychological safety relates to employee safety feeling when he/she gets support from his/her managers/supervisors and co-workers. Finally, employment equity psychological safety is a psychological safety in the specific contexts, such as discrimination based on religious belief, ethnicity or gender (Feild & Holley, 1982; Ghumman, Ryan, Barclay, & Markel, 2013; Heslin, Bell, & Fletcher, 2012; Makin & Winder, 2008). Whilst prior studies have examined the components of psychological safety, these previous studies have overlooked the link between psychological safety’s components. Hence, we argue that the literature on psychological safety remains fragmented on its theoretical dimensionality. Moreover, the field of psychological safety is still in its embryonic stage and prior studies are yet to integrate the dimension of employment equity (e.g. employment equality, discrimination, equal opportunities etc.) in their conceptualization of psychological