Introduction
Over the past 10 years mobile phone usage in the United States has nearly 20 percent. In 2018, 95 percent of Americans own mobile phones (Pew, 2018). People are using mobile phones as a means of communication through text messaging, calling, social media, listening to music, playing games, and internet searches. College students reported to using their mobile phones as a way to keep in touch with family and friends. Aoki, and Downes (2003) labeled four different focus groups of mobile phone users at a large Northeastern college in the United States as ‘cost conscious’, ‘security/safety conscious’, ‘dependent’, ‘sophisticated’, and ‘practical users’. The cost conscious group believed that using a mobile phone would save money as …show more content…
However, the dependent group felt disconnected from the outside world without their mobile phone, and felt lost. The sophisticated group use their mobile phones to keep in touch with people and manage their everyday lives. The practice users believed the mobile phone saved money and provided safety benefits. Forgays and Schreiber (2014) noticed that the majority of research on mobile phone usage focused on young adults and adolescents. They developed an online survey in an attempt to gain more information regarding beliefs on the etiquette of text messaging and calling in social situations, individual situations, public situations, and intimate situations for individuals across a large age groups. 662 mobile phone users aged 18-68 responded to the survey. The participants in the study felt text messaging is more appropriate than calling in all situations, expect for driving. Men generally believe that calling is more approiate than women, and there were no age differences in the belief of appropriateness of calling in the variety of settings. The younger group in the study believed that text messaging was a more appropriate method of cell phone use. Wei (2008) sought to gain more information about mobile phone usage as a form of reassurance, and as a form …show more content…
One- third of the students stated that they often feel restless without their mobile phone (Naik, Kadam, Patil & Gore, 2017). Deshpande and Deshpande (2017) found that mobile phone dependency causes individuals to check their phones frequently. Bianchi and Phillips (2005) realized that problematic use of mobile phones can lead to a mobile phone addictive tendencies, such as withdrawal symptoms, and impairment of daily life functions. They also noted the signs of mobile phone dependency: users become worried about missing a call while their mobile phone is no longer close to them, increased in amount of time for using mobile phone to get the desired satisfaction, feeling restless, moody, or depressed when the use of a mobile phone is reduced, and using a mobile phone to escape problems, or feelings of anxiety, depression, or loneliness. In a study of 688 Lebanese undergraduate students, depression and anxiety scores emerged as independent positive predictors of smartphone addiction (Bosumosleh, & Jaalouk, 2017). One-fourth of the students from Bosumosleh and Jaalouk’s study reported feeling of compulsive behavior, one-fifth reported indications of functional impairment, and one-sixth reported feeling withdrawals in the absences of their smartphone. Differences in age and sex have also been associated with mobile phone dependency.
Over the past 10 years mobile phone usage in the United States has nearly 20 percent. In 2018, 95 percent of Americans own mobile phones (Pew, 2018). People are using mobile phones as a means of communication through text messaging, calling, social media, listening to music, playing games, and internet searches. College students reported to using their mobile phones as a way to keep in touch with family and friends. Aoki, and Downes (2003) labeled four different focus groups of mobile phone users at a large Northeastern college in the United States as ‘cost conscious’, ‘security/safety conscious’, ‘dependent’, ‘sophisticated’, and ‘practical users’. The cost conscious group believed that using a mobile phone would save money as …show more content…
However, the dependent group felt disconnected from the outside world without their mobile phone, and felt lost. The sophisticated group use their mobile phones to keep in touch with people and manage their everyday lives. The practice users believed the mobile phone saved money and provided safety benefits. Forgays and Schreiber (2014) noticed that the majority of research on mobile phone usage focused on young adults and adolescents. They developed an online survey in an attempt to gain more information regarding beliefs on the etiquette of text messaging and calling in social situations, individual situations, public situations, and intimate situations for individuals across a large age groups. 662 mobile phone users aged 18-68 responded to the survey. The participants in the study felt text messaging is more appropriate than calling in all situations, expect for driving. Men generally believe that calling is more approiate than women, and there were no age differences in the belief of appropriateness of calling in the variety of settings. The younger group in the study believed that text messaging was a more appropriate method of cell phone use. Wei (2008) sought to gain more information about mobile phone usage as a form of reassurance, and as a form …show more content…
One- third of the students stated that they often feel restless without their mobile phone (Naik, Kadam, Patil & Gore, 2017). Deshpande and Deshpande (2017) found that mobile phone dependency causes individuals to check their phones frequently. Bianchi and Phillips (2005) realized that problematic use of mobile phones can lead to a mobile phone addictive tendencies, such as withdrawal symptoms, and impairment of daily life functions. They also noted the signs of mobile phone dependency: users become worried about missing a call while their mobile phone is no longer close to them, increased in amount of time for using mobile phone to get the desired satisfaction, feeling restless, moody, or depressed when the use of a mobile phone is reduced, and using a mobile phone to escape problems, or feelings of anxiety, depression, or loneliness. In a study of 688 Lebanese undergraduate students, depression and anxiety scores emerged as independent positive predictors of smartphone addiction (Bosumosleh, & Jaalouk, 2017). One-fourth of the students from Bosumosleh and Jaalouk’s study reported feeling of compulsive behavior, one-fifth reported indications of functional impairment, and one-sixth reported feeling withdrawals in the absences of their smartphone. Differences in age and sex have also been associated with mobile phone dependency.