The last aspect of leadership characteristic in this study is the leadership integrity. The questionnaire, Perceived Leadership Integrity Scale was used from a version of the PLIS that appeared in Leadership Quarterly by S. B. Craig and S. B. Gustafson as cited in Northouse (2013). The PLIS is a 3600 leadership assessment instrument for assessing impressions of the integrity, ethics, and destructive behaviors of managers and leaders. The PLIS authors defined clearly non-integral behaviors and non-positive or desired behavior. According to both authors, when one asks for the leader’s positive conduct, the leader’s lack of integrity cannot be evidenced. It could be risky to ask for positive conducts, since the collaborators may include desirable
…show more content…
The letter was forwarded to the Records section together with the instrument to be used in the data gathering. The Staff of the Division Office from the Records Section accepted the letter thus, after a week the researcher was able to take hold of the permit to conduct the research. Letters addressed to school Principals of the respondent schools were prepared. A copy of the permit to conduct the research was attached to the letter for the principals for reference purposes on the part of the respondents. After which, the researcher distributed the letters to the principals and discussed the main purpose of the study. An Orientation was given to the respondents about the objectives of the study for their awareness on the perception of the teachers and the middle level administrators on the leadership characteristics of the administrators and compared it to the self- assessment made the administrators themselves. This provided a venue for the administrators to reflect based on the assessment made. The researcher assured them that all the information collected from the respondents will be treated with utmost confidentiality. After everything was discussed and agreed on the conduct of the study, a schedule was set when to administer the …show more content…
Statistical Treatment of Data
According to Cristobal and Dela Cruz-Cristobal (2013) statistical treatment is the result of a long process of hypothesis formulation, instrument construction, as well as data collection. After the collection of data through the use of questionnaire, the raw data were classified, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted depending on the questions. In general, the data were summarized to disclose overall patterns and make it manageable while inferential statistics was used to make generalizations about the population through the sample drawn (Kimberly, 2011).
In conducting a research, it is very important that the researcher knows how to distinguish the data that were collected so that the researcher can choose the appropriate statistical tests. To answer the research problems, the following statistical methods were employed:
Weighted Mean. To quantitatively measure the public and private administrator’s leadership characteristics in terms of style, traits and integrity, the weighted mean was employed with the formula
The letter was forwarded to the Records section together with the instrument to be used in the data gathering. The Staff of the Division Office from the Records Section accepted the letter thus, after a week the researcher was able to take hold of the permit to conduct the research. Letters addressed to school Principals of the respondent schools were prepared. A copy of the permit to conduct the research was attached to the letter for the principals for reference purposes on the part of the respondents. After which, the researcher distributed the letters to the principals and discussed the main purpose of the study. An Orientation was given to the respondents about the objectives of the study for their awareness on the perception of the teachers and the middle level administrators on the leadership characteristics of the administrators and compared it to the self- assessment made the administrators themselves. This provided a venue for the administrators to reflect based on the assessment made. The researcher assured them that all the information collected from the respondents will be treated with utmost confidentiality. After everything was discussed and agreed on the conduct of the study, a schedule was set when to administer the …show more content…
Statistical Treatment of Data
According to Cristobal and Dela Cruz-Cristobal (2013) statistical treatment is the result of a long process of hypothesis formulation, instrument construction, as well as data collection. After the collection of data through the use of questionnaire, the raw data were classified, tabulated, analyzed and interpreted depending on the questions. In general, the data were summarized to disclose overall patterns and make it manageable while inferential statistics was used to make generalizations about the population through the sample drawn (Kimberly, 2011).
In conducting a research, it is very important that the researcher knows how to distinguish the data that were collected so that the researcher can choose the appropriate statistical tests. To answer the research problems, the following statistical methods were employed:
Weighted Mean. To quantitatively measure the public and private administrator’s leadership characteristics in terms of style, traits and integrity, the weighted mean was employed with the formula