Seed Germination Conditions

Germination is the process by which a plant grows out from a seed. The most common example is the sprouting from a seed of an angiosperm, a flowering plant, or a gymnosperm that are seed-bearing plants. For a seed to germinate, few external conditions are in need to be met as well as internal conditions of the seed such as its dormancy, viability and its vitality to sprout. When these internal conditions are met, the external conditions at the time of seed germination plays a big role. First of all, enough water is needed. It is absorbed by a dry seed through the seed coat (Pujari, 2014).
The seed coat protects the seed from damage or disease. It is often hard and waterproof (impermeable). This is a problem for the germination of the seed …show more content…
Protoplasm of seed cells that include cytoplasm and nucleus is activated and that insoluble food materials are solubilized that therefore, diffused from the storage region to the embryo axis. It also develops several enzymes which are essential for growth and germination of seed (Pujari, 2014) (Miller & Levine, 2008).
Temperature also plays an important role in seed germination where as low temperature may let seeds misunderstand as a state of dormancy. On the other hand, the high temperature may rot the seeds (E.H, 2016) (Olshan, 2016) .
When water, oxygen, and temperature is a necessity for seed germination, free flow of water and air in soil is a must. Enough seeds must be planted shallowly in cold wet spring, and more deeply in dry summer unless the seed requires light to germinate. Enough to be moist yet not until soggy environment is needed. When most seeds germinate the best at about 30℃, plants from temperate and or arctic regions may require cooler temperatures for germination. (Hudson, 2016) Therefore, hot summers are the best to germinate seeds due to the fact that it is easier to keep moist in the seed after the first frost (Garden Cousellor, 2016)