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Climate
Climate is the average weather usually taken over a long period of time (typically 30 years) for a region. Climate …show more content…
Figure 41 depicts the annual globally averaged combined land and ocean temperatures. MODULE 2: CC, Impacts and Application of Weather and Climate Information in Reducing the Impacts
60 | Training Course on Ecosystem Resilience in a Changing Climate
Seasons
Seasons are annually recurring periods differentiated by weather. Seasonal changes are due to the Earth revolving around the sun. Different areas of the world experience seasons differently. Temperate and Polar Regions which are far from the equator experience spring, summer, autumn and winter (Figure 42). In the tropics, many regions experience wet and dry seasons links to monsoons and wind cycles.
Weather forecasting
Weather forecasting is a prediction of what the weather likely to be in hourly, daily, or weekly. Weather forecasting involves a combination of knowledge in historical and real time observations with the assistance of computer models. By using these methods, reasonable and accurate forecasts can be made up to a few days in advance.
The below table depicts different types of forecast products
Figure 42: Four Seasons
(Source: teachersparadise.com) …show more content…
Most seasonal scale weather forecasts are based on expectations of future state of the atmosphere (temperature, precipitation, etc.) derived from long-term climate trends, the current and anticipated state of sea surface temperatures, expert judgments, and other diagnostic tools. No forecast, however, is perfect. As a result, they are often presented in probabilistic (chance of occurrence) terms. Nowadays many seasonal scale forecasts are available for decision makers, planners, managers, etc.
Climate outlook
Climate Outlook gives probabilities that depicts below-normal, normal, or abovenormal conditions averaged over a specified period. It provides a tool for decision makers to understand anticipation of poor, fair or good seasons. The aim of climate outlooks is to better equip investigators to respond to longer-term climate variability and change in a sustainable manner.
A user-friendly, climate outlook could provide valuable basis for:
? Raising public awareness and support for action on climate change and vulnerability reduction programs
? Planning for national, regional or sectoral climate resilient