A piece of literature includes an author, a text, and someone to read the piece. Interpretation of the text must also take place (Telford 1). When looking at different ancient texts, many things are written that could be interpreted in many different ways. Depending on what type of literature you read, you have to decide how you’re going to interpret it. A romance novel will be explicated much differently than one of the Gospels, but they both still have to be deciphered. Interpretation is an important component when reading literary and historical contexts in relation to reading ancient texts. Dr. William R. Telford explains in the excerpt:
What then do we mean in overall terms by “The Theology of the Gospel of Mark’? Do we mean the theology of the author -- … in short, the ideology which motivated the evangelist to write, which was a product of his own age, culture and tradition, and which influenced the treatment of his sources? Do we mean the theology of the text itself, considered as a whole -- in other words, the religious message which it conveys, irrespective of its historical context, of the sources it draws upon or of the intention of its original author? (Telford